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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Scientific Reports >Cytological basis of sterility in male and female hybrids between sibling species of grey voles Microtus arvalis and M. levis
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Cytological basis of sterility in male and female hybrids between sibling species of grey voles Microtus arvalis and M. levis

机译：灰田鼠兄弟姐妹和李氏分枝杆菌同胞种雄性和雌性杂种不育的细胞学基础

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To make insight into the cytological basis of reproductive isolation, we examined chromosome synapsis and recombination in sterile male and female hybrids between Microtus arvalis and M. levis. These sibling species differ by a series of chromosomal rearrangements (fusions, inversions, centromere shifts and heterochromatin insertions). We found that meiosis in male hybrids was arrested at leptotene with complete failure of chromosome pairing and DNA double-strand breaks repair. In the female hybrids meiosis proceeded to pachytene; however, the oocytes varied in the degree of pairing errors. Some of them demonstrated almost correct chromosome pairing, while most of them contained a varying number of univalents and multivalents with extensive regions of asynapsis and non-homologous synapsis. Variation between oocytes was probably caused by stochasticity in the ratio of homologous to non-homologous pairing initiations. We suggest that substantial chromosomal and genetic divergence between the parental species affects preliminary alignment of homologues, homology search and elimination of ectopic interhomologue interactions that are required for correct homologous pairing. Apparently, pairing failure in male and aberrant synapsis in female vole hybrids followed by meiotic silencing of unsynapsed chromatin cause apoptosis of gametocytes and sterility.
机译：为了深入了解生殖分离的细胞学基础，我们检查了田鼠和李氏支原体之间无菌雄性和雌性杂种的染色体突触和重组。这些兄弟姐妹物种的区别在于一系列染色体重排（融合，倒位，着丝粒移位和异染色质插入）。我们发现，雄性杂种的减数分裂被停滞在瘦素中，染色体配对完全失败，DNA双链断裂修复。在雌性杂种中，减数分裂发展为粗线粒体。然而，卵母细胞的配对错误程度不同。他们中的一些人显示出几乎正确的染色体配对，而大多数人则包含数量不等的单价和多价，以及广泛的突触和非同源突触区域。卵母细胞之间的差异可能是由同源配对与非同源配对起始的比率的随机性引起的。我们建议，亲本物种之间的实质性染色体和遗传差异会影响同源物的初步比对，同源性搜索和消除正确同源配对所需的异位同源性相互作用。显然，雌性田鼠杂交中雄性和异常突触的配对失败，然后未突触的染色质减数分裂沉默导致配子细胞凋亡和不育。

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