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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine >Evaluation of informal payments to health care professionals and the influential factors in Urmia city hospitals Iran
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Evaluation of informal payments to health care professionals and the influential factors in Urmia city hospitals Iran

机译：评估对伊朗医务人员的非正式支付给医疗专业人员的影响因素

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Informal payments refer to sums that patients may pay to individual or organizational health care providers outside of the official payment channels or approved fee schedules. The aim of the current research was to investigate informal payments and related influential factors in Urmia city hospitals. The present study was a cross-sectional survey conducted among post-discharged patients from all Urmia city hospitals during one Iranian calendar month (January 21 to March 19, 2013). Simple random sampling was used to recruit 265 patients to undergo assessment via phone call interviews and complete a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software for descriptive reports, and EViews software for determination of factors affecting informal payments.Eleven percent of the patients had made informal payments to physicians (mean amount: 503,000 Tomans, equivalent of $412), 5% to nurses (mean amount: 20,000 Tomans, equivalent of $16), and 17% to other employees (mean amount: 16,000 Tomans, equivalent of $13). Hospital ownership, patients’ place of residence, education and income significantly influenced the payments. Most substantially, patients receiving surgical care were 100 times more likely to make informal payments compared to those who had received non-surgical inpatient care.The present study showed that although informal payment is illegal in Iran, it is a common practice among hospitalized patients, and has now become a challenge for the health system. Considering the high prevalence of informal payments and their severe impacts on equity and justice, policymakers have focused on this phenomenon to reduce and eliminate it.
机译：非正式付款是指患者可以在官方付款渠道或批准的收费表之外向个人或组织医疗保健提供者付款的金额。当前研究的目的是调查乌尔米亚市医院的非正式付款和相关影响因素。本研究是在一个伊朗历月内（2013年1月21日至2013年3月19日）对来自所有Urmia市医院的出院后患者进行的横断面调查。简单随机抽样用于招募265名患者，通过电话访问进行评估并完成问卷调查。数据分析使用SPSS软件进行描述性报告，使用EViews软件确定影响非正式支付的因素，其中11％的患者向医生进行了非正式支付（平均金额：503,000 Tomans，相当于412美元），5％的护士（平均金额：20,000 Tomans，相当于16美元），其他员工的平均回报率为17％（平均金额：16,000 Tomans，相当于13美元）。医院的所有权，患者的居住地，教育程度和收入对支付的影响很大。最重要的是，接受外科手术治疗的患者比接受非外科手术住院治疗的患者进行非正式支付的可能性高100倍。本研究表明，尽管非正式支付在伊朗是非法的，但在住院患者中是一种普遍做法，现在已经成为卫生系统的挑战。考虑到非正式支付的普遍性及其对公平与正义的严重影响，决策者已将重点放在减少和消除这一现象上。

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