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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Scientific Reports >Linking the sender to the receiver: vocal adjustments by bats to maintain signal detection in noise
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Linking the sender to the receiver: vocal adjustments by bats to maintain signal detection in noise

机译：将发送者链接到接收者：通过蝙蝠进行人声调整以保持对噪声的信号检测

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Short-term adjustments of signal characteristics allow animals to maintain reliable communication in noise. Noise-dependent vocal plasticity often involves simultaneous changes in multiple parameters. Here, we quantified for the first time the relative contributions of signal amplitude, duration, and redundancy for improving signal detectability in noise. To this end, we used a combination of behavioural experiments on pale spear-nosed bats (Phyllostomus discolor) and signal detection models. In response to increasing noise levels, all bats raised the amplitude of their echolocation calls by 1.8–7.9 dB (the Lombard effect). Bats also increased signal duration by 13%–85%, corresponding to an increase in detectability of 1.0–5.3 dB. Finally, in some noise conditions, bats increased signal redundancy by producing more call groups. Assuming optimal cognitive integration, this could result in a further detectability improvement by up to 4 dB. Our data show that while the main improvement in signal detectability was due to the Lombard effect, increasing signal duration and redundancy can also contribute markedly to improving signal detectability. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the observed adjustments of signal parameters in noise are matched to how these parameters are processed in the receiver’s sensory system, thereby facilitating signal transmission in fluctuating environments.
机译：信号特性的短期调整可使动物在噪音中保持可靠的交流。噪声相关的声音可塑性通常涉及多个参数的同时变化。在这里，我们首次量化了信号幅度，持续时间和冗余度的相对贡献，以改善噪声中的信号可检测性。为此，我们将行为实验结合了浅矛尖蝙蝠（Phyllostomus变色）和信号检测模型。为了响应不断增加的噪声水平，所有蝙蝠将其回声定位调用的幅度提高了1.8–7.9 dB（伦巴德效应）。蝙蝠还将信号持续时间增加了13％–85％，对应于1.0–5.3abilitydB的可检测性增加。最后，在某些噪声条件下，蝙蝠通过产生更多的呼叫组来增加信号冗余。假设最佳的认知整合，这可能导致可检测性进一步提高多达4 dB。我们的数据表明，虽然信号检测能力的主要改善是由于伦巴德效应，但增加信号持续时间和冗余度也可以显着改善信号检测能力。总体而言，我们的发现表明，观察到的噪声中信号参数的调整与接收器的传感系统中这些参数的处理方式相匹配，从而有助于在波动环境中传输信号。

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