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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Poultry Science >Opportunities for exercise during pullet rearing Part I: Effect on the musculoskeletal characteristics of pullets
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Opportunities for exercise during pullet rearing Part I: Effect on the musculoskeletal characteristics of pullets

机译：母鸡饲养过程中的锻炼机会第一部分：对母鸡肌肉骨骼特性的影响

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Increased load-bearing exercise improves bone quality characteristics in a variety of species, including laying hens. Providing increased opportunities for exercise during the pullet rearing phase, a period of substantial musculoskeletal growth, offers a proactive approach to reducing osteoporosis by improving bone composition. The main objective of this study was to determine whether differing opportunities for exercise during rearing influences pullet musculoskeletal characteristics. Two flock replicates of 588 Lohmann Selected Leghorn-Lite pullets were reared in either standard, conventional cages (Conv) or an aviary rearing system (Avi) from day-old chicks until 16 wk of age. The keel bone and the muscles and long bones of the wings and legs were collected at 16 wk to measure muscle growth differences between rearing treatments and quantify bone quality characteristics using quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and bone breaking strength (BBS) assessment. Keel bone characteristics and muscle weights were adjusted for BW and analyses for QCT and BBS included BW as a covariate. At 16 wk of age, rearing system had an effect on the majority of keel bone characteristics (P < 0.05). The length of the keel metasternum, caudal tip cartilage length, and the overall percentage of cartilage present on the keel at 16 wk was greater in the Avi pullets compared to the Conv pullets (P < 0.01). Wing and breast muscle weights of the Avi pullets were greater than the Conv pullets (P < 0.001), but leg muscle weights were greater in the Conv pullets (P = 0.026). Avi pullets had greater total bone density, total cross-sectional area, cortical cross-sectional area, total bone mineral content, and cortical bone mineral content than Conv pullets for the radius, humerus, and tibia (P < 0.001). Avi pullets had greater BBS compared to the Conv pullets for the radius, humerus, and tibia (P < 0.01). Increased opportunities for exercise offered by the aviary rearing system increased muscle and bone growth characteristics in pullets at 16 wk of age.
机译：增加的负重锻炼可改善包括蛋鸡在内的多种物种的骨骼质量特征。在大量骨骼肌肉生长的时期，即小鸡饲养阶段，提供更多的锻炼机会，为通过改善骨骼组成减少骨质疏松提供了一种主动方法。这项研究的主要目的是确定在饲养过程中不同的锻炼机会是否会影响小鸡的肌肉骨骼特性。从标准的常规笼子（Conv）或鸟舍饲养系统（Avi）饲养两只588 Lohmann精选的来格霍恩-莱特（Leghorn-Lite）母鸡，从成年小鸡开始饲养，直到16周龄。在第16周收集龙骨，翼和腿的肌肉和长骨，以测量饲养治疗之间的肌肉生长差异，并使用定量计算机断层扫描（QCT）和断骨强度（BBS）评估来量化骨质量特征。调整了BW的龙骨特性和肌肉重量，QCT和BBS的分析包括BW作为协变量。在16周龄时，饲养系统对大多数龙骨特征有影响（P <0.05）。与Conv母鸡相比，Avi母鸡的龙骨肋骨长度，尾尖软骨长度和16 wk时存在于龙骨上的软骨总百分比更高（P <0.01）。 Avi母鸡的翼和胸肌重量大于Conv母鸡（P <0.001），而Conv母鸡的腿部肌肉重量更大（P = 0.026）。在Con骨，肱骨和胫骨方面，Avi母猪的总骨密度，总截面积，皮质截面积，总骨矿物质含量和皮质骨矿物质含量均高于Conv母猪（P <0.001）。与Conv ets相比，Avi ets在the，肱骨和胫骨上的BBS更高（P <0.01）。鸟舍饲养系统提供的运动机会增加，在16周龄时提高了小鸡的肌肉和骨骼生长特性。

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