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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of Radiation Research >Life science experiments performed in space in the ISS/Kibo facility and future research plans
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Life science experiments performed in space in the ISS/Kibo facility and future research plans

机译：在ISS / Kibo设施中在太空中进行的生命科学实验以及未来的研究计划

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Over the past several years, current techniques in molecular biology have been used to perform experiments in space, focusing on the nature and effects of space radiation. In the Japanese ‘Kibo’ facility in the International Space Station (ISS), the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has performed five life science experiments since 2009, and two additional experiments are currently in progress. The first life science experiment in space was the ‘Rad Gene’ project, which utilized two human cultured lymphoblastoid cell lines containing a mutated >p53 gene (m>p53) and a parental wild-type >p53 gene (wt>p53) respectively. Four parameters were examined: (i) detecting space radiation–induced DSBs by observing γH2AX foci; (ii) observing >p53-dependent gene expression during space flight; (iii) observing >p53-dependent gene expression after space flight; and (iv) observing the adaptive response in the two cell lines containing the mutated and wild type >p53 genes after exposure to space radiation. These observations were completed and have been reported, and this paper is a review of these experiments. In addition, recent new information from space-based experiments involving radiation biology is presented here. These experiments involve human cultured cells, silkworm eggs, mouse embryonic stem cells and mouse eggs in various experiments designed by other principal investigators in the ISS/Kibo. The progress of Japanese science groups involved in these space experiments together with JAXA are also discussed here. The Japanese Society for Biological Sciences in Space (JSBSS), the Utilization Committee of Space Environment Science (UCSES) and the Science Council of Japan (ACJ) have supported these new projects and new experimental facilities in ISS/Kibo. Currently, these organizations are proposing new experiments for the ISS through 2024.
机译：在过去的几年中，分子生物学的最新技术已用于在太空中进行实验，重点是太空辐射的性质和影响。自2009年以来，日本航空航天局（JAXA）在国际空间站（ISS）的日本“ Kibo”设施中进行了五项生命科学实验，目前尚在进行另外两项实验。太空中的第一个生命科学实验是“ Rad基因”项目，该项目利用了两个人类培养的淋巴母细胞样细胞系，其中包含突变的> p53 基因（m > p53 ）和一个亲本类型的> p53 基因（wt > p53 ）。检查了四个参数：（i）通过观察γH2AX焦点来检测空间辐射诱导的DSB； （ii）在太空飞行中观察> p53 依赖性基因表达； （iii）观察太空飞行后> p53 依赖性基因的表达； （iv）在暴露于空间辐射后，观察两个包含突变型和野生型> p53 基因的细胞系的适应性反应。这些观察已经完成并已报告，本文是对这些实验的综述。此外，此处还介绍了来自涉及辐射生物学的天基实验的最新新信息。这些实验由ISS / Kibo的其他主要研究人员设计的各种实验中涉及人类培养的细胞，蚕卵，小鼠胚胎干细胞和小鼠卵。在此还讨论了与JAXA一起参与这些太空实验的日本科学团体的进展。日本太空生物科学学会（JSBSS），空间环境科学利用委员会（UCSES）和日本科学理事会（ACJ）支持了ISS / Kibo中的这些新项目和新实验设施。目前，这些组织正提议在2024年之前为国际空间站进行新的实验。

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