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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Ecology and Evolution >Genetic structure and demographic history of the endangered tree species Dysoxylum malabaricum (Meliaceae) in Western Ghats India: implications for conservation in a biodiversity hotspot
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Genetic structure and demographic history of the endangered tree species Dysoxylum malabaricum (Meliaceae) in Western Ghats India: implications for conservation in a biodiversity hotspot

机译：印度西高止山脉濒危树种Dysoxylum malabaricum（Meliaceae）的遗传结构和人口历史：对生物多样性热点地区保护的影响

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The impact of fragmentation by human activities on genetic diversity of forest trees is an important concern in forest conservation, especially in tropical forests. Dysoxylum malabaricum (white cedar) is an economically important tree species, endemic to the Western Ghats, India, one of the world's eight most important biodiversity hotspots. As D. malabaricum is under pressure of disturbance and fragmentation together with overharvesting, conservation efforts are required in this species. In this study, range-wide genetic structure of twelve D. malabaricum populations was evaluated to assess the impact of human activities on genetic diversity and infer the species’ evolutionary history, using both nuclear and chloroplast (cp) DNA simple sequence repeats (SSR). As genetic diversity and population structure did not differ among seedling, juvenile and adult age classes, reproductive success among the old-growth trees and long distance seed dispersal by hornbills were suggested to contribute to maintain genetic diversity. The fixation index (FIS) was significantly correlated with latitude, with a higher level of inbreeding in the northern populations, possibly reflecting a more severe ecosystem disturbance in those populations. Both nuclear and cpSSRs revealed northern and southern genetic groups with some discordance of their distributions; however, they did not correlate with any of the two geographic gaps known as genetic barriers to animals. Approximate Bayesian computation-based inference from nuclear SSRs suggested that population divergence occurred before the last glacial maximum. Finally we discussed the implications of these results, in particular the presence of a clear pattern of historical genetic subdivision, on conservation policies.
机译：人类活动造成的碎片化对林木遗传多样性的影响是森林保护特别是热带森林中一个重要的问题。 Dysoxylum malabaricum（白雪松）是一种经济上重要的树种，是世界上八个最重要的生物多样性热点地区之一印度西高止山脉的特有种。由于马拉巴丁香（D. malabaricum）受到干扰和破碎以及过度采伐的压力，因此需要对该物种进行保护。在这项研究中，使用核和叶绿体（cp）DNA简单序列重复序列（SSR）对十二个D. malabaricum种群的全范围遗传结构进行了评估，以评估人类活动对遗传多样性的影响并推断该物种的进化历史。 。由于幼苗，少年和成年年龄类别之间的遗传多样性和种群结构没有差异，因此建议在长寿树之间繁殖成功以及犀鸟进行长距离种子扩散有助于维持遗传多样性。固定指数（FIS）与纬度显着相关，北部种群的近交程度较高，这可能反映了这些种群中更严重的生态系统扰动。核和cpSSRs都揭示了北部和南部的遗传群体，但它们的分布有些不一致。但是，它们与被称为动物遗传壁垒的两个地理鸿沟中的任何一个都不相关。来自核SSR的近似贝叶斯计算为基础的推断表明，人口分歧发生在最后一个冰期最大值之前。最后，我们讨论了这些结果的含义，特别是对保护政策存在明显的历史遗传细分模式的影响。

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