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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Forest Trees in Human Modified Landscapes: Ecological and Genetic Drivers of Recruitment Failure in Dysoxylum malabaricum (Meliaceae)
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Forest Trees in Human Modified Landscapes: Ecological and Genetic Drivers of Recruitment Failure in Dysoxylum malabaricum (Meliaceae)

机译：人类改良景观中的林木：毛Dy（Myyaceae）招募失败的生态和遗传动因

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Tropical agro-forest landscapes are global priority areas for biodiversity conservation. Little is known about the ability of these landscapes to sustain large late successional forest trees upon which much forest biodiversity depends. These landscapes are subject to fragmentation and additional habitat degradation which may limit tree recruitment and thus compromise numerous ecosystem services including carbon storage and timber production. Dysoxylum malabaricum is a large canopy tree species in the Meliaceae, a family including many important tropical timber trees. This species is found in highly fragmented forest patches within a complex agro-forest landscape of the Western Ghats biodiversity hot spot, South India. In this paper we combined a molecular assessment of inbreeding with ecological and demographic data to explore the multiple threats to recruitment of this tree species. An evaluation of inbreeding, using eleven microsatellite loci in 297 nursery-reared seedlings collected form low and high density forest patches embedded in an agro-forest matrix, shows that mating between related individuals in low density patches leads to reduced seedling performance. By quantifying habitat degradation and tree recruitment within these forest patches we show that increasing canopy openness and the increased abundance of pioneer tree species lead to a general decline in the suitability of forest patches for the recruitment of D. malabaricum. We conclude that elevated inbreeding due to reduced adult tree density coupled with increased degradation of forest patches, limit the recruitment of this rare late successional tree species. Management strategies which maintain canopy cover and enhance local densities of adult trees in agro-forest mosaics will be required to ensure D. malabaricum persists in these landscapes. Our study highlights the need for a holistic understanding of the incipient processes that threaten populations of many important and rare tropical tree species in human dominated agro-forest landscapes.
机译：热带农林景观是生物多样性保护的全球优先领域。人们对这些景观维持大型森林生物多样性所依赖的大型后期演替林木的能力知之甚少。这些景观易遭受破碎化和额外的栖息地退化，这可能会限制树木的招募，从而损害包括碳储存和木材生产在内的众多生态系统服务。辣木（Dysoxylum malabaricum）是Meliaceae的大型冠层树种，该家族包括许多重要的热带木树。在印度西部西高止山脉生物多样性热点的复杂农林景观中，在高度分散的森林斑块中发现了该物种。在本文中，我们将近交的分子评估与生态和人口统计数据相结合，以探索对该树种招募的多重威胁。利用11个微卫星基因座对从297种苗圃育出的幼苗进行的近交评估，这些苗种是通过嵌入在农林基质中的低密度和高密度森林斑块收集的，表明低密度斑块中相关个体之间的交配会导致幼苗性能下降。通过量化这些森林斑块中的生境退化和树木募集，我们表明，冠层开放度的提高和先锋树物种的丰度增加导致森林斑块适合招募黑斑病菌的普遍性下降。我们得出的结论是，由于成年树密度降低以及森林斑块退化加剧而导致的近交繁殖增加，限制了这种稀有的后期演替树种的募集。将需要采取管理策略来维持农林马赛克中的树冠覆盖并提高成年树的局部密度，以确保在这些景观中持续存在D. malabaricum。我们的研究强调需要全面了解威胁人类统治的农林景观中许多重要和稀有热带树种种群的初期过程。

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