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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Ecology and Evolution >Facing the crowd: intruder pressure within-group competition and the resolution of conflicts over group-membership
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Facing the crowd: intruder pressure within-group competition and the resolution of conflicts over group-membership

机译：面对人群：入侵者压力团体内部竞争以及团体成员之间的冲突解决

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Recent theory in social evolution has been mainly concerned with competition and cooperation within social groups of animals and their impact on the stability of those groups. Much less attention has been paid to conflicts arising as a result of solitary floaters (outsiders) attempting to join groups of established residents (insiders). We model such conflicts over group-membership using a demographically explicit approach in which the rates of births and deaths in a population determine the availability of group-vacancies and the number of floaters competing over these vacancies. We find that the outcome of within-group competition, reflected in the partitioning of reproduction among group members, exerts surprisingly little influence on the resolution of insider-outsider conflict. The outcome of such conflict is also largely unaffected by differences in resource holding potential between insiders and outsiders. By contrast, whether or not groups form is mainly determined by demographic factors (variation in vital rates such as fecundity and mortality) and the resulting population dynamics. In particular, at high floater densities territory defense becomes too costly, and groups form because insiders give in to the intruder pressure imposed on them by outsiders. We emphasize the importance of insider-outsider conflicts in social evolution theory and highlight avenues for future research.
机译：社会进化的最新理论主要涉及动物社会群体内部的竞争与合作及其对这些群体稳定性的影响。由于单身浮游者（外来者）试图加入已建立居民（内幕者）群体而引起的冲突，人们对这种冲突的关注较少。我们使用人口统计学上明确的方法对群体成员之间的冲突进行建模，在该方法中，人口的出生率和死亡率决定了群体空缺的可用性以及在这些空缺上竞争的流动人数。我们发现，小组内部竞争的结果反映在小组成员之间的再生产划分中，对解决内外冲突的影响几乎没有影响。这种冲突的结果在很大程度上不受内部人员和外部人员之间资源持有潜力的差异的影响。相比之下，群体的形成是否主要取决于人口统计学因素（诸如生育率和死亡率等生命率的变化）以及由此产生的人口动态。尤其是在高流动人口密度的情况下，地区防卫的成本太高，并且由于内部人员屈服于外部人员施加的入侵者压力而形成了团体。我们在社会进化理论中强调了内外矛盾的重要性，并强调了未来研究的途径。

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