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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Molecular Sciences >Biomimetic Approaches for the Development of New Antifouling Solutions: Study of Incorporation of Macroalgae and Sponge Extracts for the Development of New Environmentally-Friendly Coatings
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Biomimetic Approaches for the Development of New Antifouling Solutions: Study of Incorporation of Macroalgae and Sponge Extracts for the Development of New Environmentally-Friendly Coatings

机译：开发新型防污溶液的仿生方法：结合大型藻类和海绵提取物开发新型环保涂料的研究

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Biofouling causes major economic losses in the maritime industry. In our site study, the Bay of La Paz (Gulf of California), biofouling on immersed structures is a major problem and is treated mostly with copper-based antifouling paints. Due to the known environmental effect of such treatments, the search for environmentally friendly alternatives in this zone of high biodiversity is a priority to ensure the conservation and protection of species. The aim of this work was to link chemical ecology to marine biotechnology: indeed, the natural defense of macroalgae and sponge was evaluated against biofoulers (biofilm and macrofoulers) from the same geographical zone, and some coatings formulation was done for field assays. Our approach combines in vitro and field bioassays to ensure the selection of the best AF agent prospects. The 1st step consisted of the selection of macroalgae (5 species) and sponges (2 species) with surfaces harboring a low level of colonizers; then extracts were prepared and assayed for toxicity against Artemia, activity towards key marine bacteria involved in biofilm formation in the Bay of La Paz, and the potency to inhibit adhesion of macroorganisms (phenoloxidase assays). The most active and non-toxic extracts were further studied for biofouling activity in the adhesion of the bacteria involved in biofilm formation and through incorporation in marine coatings which were immersed in La Paz Bay during 40 days. In vitro assays demonstrated that extracts of Laurencia gardneri, Sargassum horridum (macroalgae), Haliclona caerulea and Ircinia sp. (sponges) were the most promising. The field test results were of high interest as the best formulation were composed of extracts of H. caerulea and S. horridum and led to a reduction of 32% of biofouling compared with the control.
机译：生物污损在海运业中造成重大经济损失。在我们的现场研究中，位于加利福尼亚海湾的拉巴斯湾（Bay of La Paz），浸入式结构上的生物污垢是一个主要问题，大部分使用铜基防污漆进行处理。由于这种处理方法具有已知的环境影响，因此在确保生物多样性的这一优先领域中，寻找生物多样性高的环境替代方法是当务之急。这项工作的目的是将化学生态学与海洋生物技术联系起来：确实，针对相同地理区域的生物污垢物（生物膜和大型污垢物），对大型藻类和海绵的自然防御进行了评估，并做了一些涂料配方以用于现场分析。我们的方法结合了体外和现场生物测定法，以确保选择最佳的AF药物前景。第一步是选择大型藻类（5种）和海绵（2种），它们的表面带有少量定殖剂。然后制备提取物并测定其对卤虫的毒性，对与拉巴斯湾生物膜形成有关的主要海洋细菌的活性以及抑制大生物粘附的能力（酚氧化酶测定）。进一步研究了最活跃和无毒的提取物在生物膜形成过程中细菌黏附的生物污垢活性，并通过掺入浸入拉巴斯湾长达40天的海洋涂料中进行了研究。体外测定表明，Laurencia gardneri，Sargassum horridum（宏藻），Haliclona caerulea和Ircinia sp。的提取物。 （海绵）是最有前途的。田间试验的结果引起了人们的极大兴趣，因为最好的制剂是由青菜提取物和大戟酵母提取物组成，与对照相比，可减少32％的生物污染。

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