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Variations in ecosystem service value in response to land use/land cover changes in Central Asia from 1995–2035

机译:1995-2035年中亚土地利用/土地覆盖变化对生态系统服务价值的影响

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摘要

Acute farmland expansion and rapid urbanization in Central Asia have accelerated land use/land cover changes, which have substantial effects on ecosystem services. However, the spatiotemporal variations in ecosystem service values (ESVs) in Central Asia are not well understood. Here, based on land use products with 300-m resolution for the years 1995, 2005 and 2015 and transfer methodology, we predicted land use and land cover (LULC) for 2025 and 2035 using CA-Markov, assessed changes in ESVs in response to LULC dynamics, and explored the elasticity of the response of ESV to LULC changes. We found significant expansions of cropland (+22.10%) and urban areas (+322.40%) and shrinking of water bodies (−38.43%) and bare land (−9.42%) during 1995–2035. The combined value of ecosystem services of water bodies, cropland, and grassland accounted for over 90% of the total ESVs. Our study showed that cropland ecosystem services value increased by 93.45 billion US$ from 1995 to 2035, which was mainly caused by the expansion of cropland area. However, the area of water bodies decreased sharply during 1995–2035, causing a loss of 64.38 billion US$. Biodiversity, food production and water regulation were major ecosystem service functions, accounting for 80.52% of the total ESVs. Our results demonstrated that effective land-use policies should be made to control farmland expansion and protect water bodies, grassland and forestland for more sustainable ecosystem services.
机译:中亚急性农田扩张和快速城市化加快了土地利用/土地覆被的变化,对生态系统服务产生了重大影响。然而,人们对中亚生态系统服务价值(ESV)的时空变化知之甚少。在此,根据1995、2005和2015年分辨率为300 m的土地使用产品以及转让方法,我们使用CA-Markov预测了2025和2035年的土地利用和土地覆盖率(LULC),评估了ESV的变化以应对LULC动力学,并探讨了ESV对LULC变化的响应的弹性。我们发现在1995-2035年间,农田(+ 22.10%)和城市地区(+ 322.40%)显着扩张,水体(−38.43%)和裸地(−9.42%)萎缩。水体,农田和草地的生态系统服务的总价值占ESV总量的90%以上。我们的研究表明,农田生态系统服务价值从1995年到2035年增加了934.5亿美元,这主要是由于农田面积的扩大所致。但是,水体面积在1995-2035年间急剧减少,造成了643.8亿美元的损失。生物多样性,粮食生产和水调节是主要的生态系统服务功能,占ESV总量的80.52%。我们的结果表明,应制定有效的土地利用政策,以控制农田的扩张并保护水体,草地和林地,以提供更多可持续的生态系统服务。

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