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Combined Resistance and Plyometric Training Is More Effective Than Plyometric Training Alone for Improving Physical Fitness of Pubertal Soccer Players

机译：抵抗训练和综合体能训练比单独进行综合体能训练对提高青春期足球运动员的身体素质更有效

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The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of combined resistance and plyometric/sprint training with plyometric/sprint training or typical soccer training alone on muscle strength and power, speed, change-of-direction ability in young soccer players. Thirty-one young (14.5 ± 0.52 years; tanner stage 3–4) soccer players were randomly assigned to either a combined- (COMB, n = 14), plyometric-training (PLYO, n = 9) or an active control group (CONT, n = 8). Two training sessions were added to the regular soccer training consisting of one session of light-load high-velocity resistance exercises combined with one session of plyometric/sprint training (COMB), two sessions of plyometric/sprint training (PLYO) or two soccer training sessions (CONT). Training volume was similar between the experimental groups. Before and after 7-weeks of training, peak torque, as well as absolute and relative (normalized to torque; RTDr) rate of torque development (RTD) during maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the knee extensors (KE) were monitored at time intervals from the onset of contraction to 200 ms. Jump height, sprinting speed at 5, 10, 20-m and change-of-direction ability performances were also assessed. There were no significant between–group baseline differences. Both COMB and PLYO significantly increased their jump height (Δ14.3%; ES = 0.94; Δ12.1%; ES = 0.54, respectively) and RTD at mid to late phases but with greater within effect sizes in COMB in comparison with PLYO. However, significant increases in peak torque (Δ16.9%; p < 0.001; ES = 0.58), RTD (Δ44.3%; ES = 0.71), RTDr (Δ27.3%; ES = 0.62) and sprint performance at 5-m (Δ-4.7%; p < 0.001; ES = 0.73) were found in COMB without any significant pre-to-post change in PLYO and CONT groups. Our results suggest that COMB is more effective than PLYO or CONT for enhancing strength, sprint and jump performances.
机译：这项研究的目的是比较综合的阻力和体能/冲刺训练与体能/冲刺训练或单独的典型足球训练对年轻足球运动员的肌肉力量和力量，速度，方向改变能力的影响。将31名年轻（14.5±0.52岁；鞣制阶段3-4）的足球运动员随机分配到（COMB，n = 14），肺量训练法（PLYO，n = 9）或活动对照组（ CONT，n = 8）。常规足球训练中增加了两个训练课程，包括一堂轻负荷高速阻力练习，一堂测高/冲刺训练（COMB），两堂测高/冲刺训练（PLYO）或两次足球训练会话（CONT）。实验组之间的训练量相似。在训练的7周之前和之后，在一定的时间间隔内监测膝部伸肌（KE）的最大自发等长收缩过程中的峰值扭矩以及绝对和相对（标准化为扭矩； RTDr）扭矩发展率（RTD）。收缩开始至200毫秒。还评估了跳跃高度，5、10、20 m处的短跑速度和方向改变能力。组间基线之间无显着差异。在中期到后期，COMB和PLYO都显着增加了跳跃高度（分别为Δ14.3％； ES = 0.94；Δ12.1％； ES = 0.54）和RTD，但与PLYO相比，COMB的作用范围更大。但是，峰值扭矩（Δ16.9％; p <0.001; ES = 0.58），RTD（Δ44.3％; ES = 0.71），RTDr（Δ27.3％; ES = 0.62）和冲刺性能显着增加（5）在COMB中发现-m（Δ-4.7％； p <0.001； ES = 0.73），在PLYO和CONT组中没有任何明显的前后变化。我们的结果表明，COMB比PLYO或CONT在增强强度，冲刺和跳跃性能方面更有效。

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