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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Effects of Three Irrigation Strategies on Gas Exchange Relationships Plant Water Status Yield Components and Water Productivity on Grafted Carménère Grapevines
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Effects of Three Irrigation Strategies on Gas Exchange Relationships Plant Water Status Yield Components and Water Productivity on Grafted Carménère Grapevines

机译：三种灌溉策略对嫁接卡梅涅尔葡萄的气体交换关系植物水分状况产量构成和水分生产率的影响

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In the Chilean viticultural industry, Carménère is considered an emblematic cultivar that is cultivated mainly in arid and semi-arid zones. For this reason, it is necessary to use precise irrigation scheduling for improving water use efficiency (WUE), water productivity (WP), yield and wine quality. This study evaluated the effects of three deficit irrigation strategies on gas exchange variables, WUE, WP and yield components in a drip-irrigated Carménère vineyard growing under semi-arid climatic conditions during two consecutive seasons (2011/12 and 2012/13). The irrigation strategies were applied in completely randomized design from fruit set (S) to harvest (H). The first irrigation strategy (T1) involved continuous irrigation at 100% of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) from S to the veraison (V) period and at 80% of ETa from V to H. The second irrigation strategy (T2) involved irrigation at 50% of ETa from S to H and the third one (T3) involved no-irrigation from S to V and at 30% of ETa from V to H. The results indicated that there was a significant non-linear correlation between net CO2 assimilation (AN) and stomatal conductance (gs), which resulted in three zones of water stress (zone I = gs > 0.30 mol H2O m-2s-1; zone II = between 0.06 and 0.30 mol H2O m-2s-1; and zone III = gs < 0.06 mol H2O m-2s-1). The use of less water by T2 and T3 had a significant effect on yield components, with a reduction in the weight and diameter of grapes. A significant increase in WP (7.3 kg m-3) occurred in T3, which resulted in values of WUE that were significantly higher than those from T1 and T2. Also, a significant non-linear relationship between the integral water stress (SIΨ) and WP (R2 = 0.74) was established. The results show that grafted Carménère vines were tolerant to water stress although differences between cultivars/genotypes still need to be evaluated.
机译：在智利的葡萄栽培产业中，Carménère被认为是标志性品种，主要在干旱和半干旱地区种植。因此，必须使用精确的灌溉计划来提高用水效率（WUE），水生产率（WP），产量和葡萄酒质量。这项研究评估了三种干旱灌溉策略对连续两个季节（2011/12和2012/13）在半干旱气候条件下生长的滴灌Carménère葡萄园中气体交换变量，WUE，WP和产量构成的影响。灌溉策略被应用于从果实（S）到收获（H）的完全随机设计中。第一个灌溉策略（T1）涉及从S到验证期（V）的实际蒸散量（ETa）为100％的连续灌溉，而从V到H的ETa为80％。从S到H的ETa的百分比以及从S到V的ETa的第三百分比（T3）涉及从V到H的ETa的30％的灌溉。结果表明，净CO2同化之间存在显着的非线性相关性（ AN）和气孔导度（gs），这导致了三个区域的水分胁迫（区域I = gs> 0.30 mol H2O m -2 s -1 ;区域II =在0.06至0.30 mol H2O m -2 s -1 之间;区域III = gs <0.06 mol H2O m -2 s -1 ）。 T2和T3使用较少的水对产量构成有显着影响，葡萄的重量和直径减小。 T3 WP显着增加（7.3 kg m -3 ），这导致WUE值显着高于T1和T2。此外，还建立了积分水分胁迫（SIΨ）与WP之间的显着非线性关系（R 2 = 0.74）。结果表明，嫁接的Carménère藤可以耐受水分胁迫，尽管仍需要评估不同品种/基因型之间的差异。

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