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A Critical Review of the Environmental Occurrence and Potential Effects in Aquatic Vertebrates of the Potent Androgen Receptor Agonist 17β-Trenbolone

机译：对有力雄激素受体激动剂17β-群勃龙水生脊椎动物中环境发生和潜在影响的评论。

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Trenbolone acetate is widely-used in some parts of the world for its desirable anabolic effects on livestock. Several metabolites of the acetate, including 17β-trenbolone (βTRB), have been detected in at low ng/L concentrations in surface waters associated with animal feedlots. The βTRB isomer can affect androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathways in various vertebrate species at comparatively low concentrations/doses. This paper provides a comprehensive review and synthesis of the existing literature concerning exposure to and biological effects of βTRB, with an emphasis on potential risks to aquatic animals. In vitro studies indicate that, although βTRB can activate several nuclear hormone receptors, its highest affinity is for the AR in all vertebrate taxa examined, including fish. Short-term exposures of fish to ng/l water concentrations of βTRB can cause changes in endocrine function, and adverse apical effects in longer exposures during development and reproduction. Impacts on endocrine function typically are indicative of inappropriate AR signaling, such as changes in sex steroid metabolism, impacts on gonadal stage, and masculinization of females. Exposure of fish to βTRB during sexual differentiation in early development can greatly skew sex ratios, while adult exposures can adversely impact fertility and fecundity. To fully assess ecosystem-level risks, additional research is warranted to address uncertainties as to the degree/breadth of environmental exposures and potential population-level effects of βTRB in sensitive species.
机译：群勃龙乙酸酯由于对牲畜具有所需的合成代谢作用而在世界某些地区得到广泛使用。已在与动物饲养场相关的地表水中以低ng / L浓度检测到乙酸盐的几种代谢物，包括17β-群勃龙（βTRB）。 βTRB异构体可以以相对较低的浓度/剂量影响各种脊椎动物物种中的雄激素受体（AR）信号传导途径。本文提供了有关βTRB暴露及其生物学效应的现有文献的全面综述和综述，重点是对水生动物的潜在风险。体外研究表明，尽管βTRB可以激活几种核激素受体，但在所有受检查的脊椎动物类群（包括鱼类）中，其对AR的亲和力最高。鱼类短期暴露于ng / l的βTRB水浓度下会导致内分泌功能发生变化，并且在发育和繁殖过程中长时间暴露于有害的根尖效应。对内分泌功能的影响通常表示不适当的AR信号，例如性类固醇代谢的变化，对性腺阶段的影响以及女性的男性化。在早期发育过程中，在性别分化过程中将鱼暴露于βTRB会极大地改变性别比例，而成年暴露会严重影响生育力和繁殖力。为了全面评估生态系统级别的风险，有必要进行更多的研究来解决有关环境暴露的程度/广度以及敏感物种中βTRB的潜在种群级别影响的不确定性。

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