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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Genetic Resources in the Calabaza Pipiana Squash (Cucurbita argyrosperma) in Mexico: Genetic Diversity Genetic Differentiation and Distribution Models
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Genetic Resources in the Calabaza Pipiana Squash (Cucurbita argyrosperma) in Mexico: Genetic Diversity Genetic Differentiation and Distribution Models

机译：墨西哥 Calabaza Pipiana南瓜（南瓜）的遗传资源：遗传多样性遗传分化和分布模型

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Analyses of genetic variation allow understanding the origin, diversification and genetic resources of cultivated plants. Domesticated taxa and their wild relatives are ideal systems for studying genetic processes of plant domestication and their joint is important to evaluate the distribution of their genetic resources. Such is the case of the domesticated subspecies C. argyrosperma ssp. argyrosperma, known in Mexico as calabaza pipiana, and its wild relative C. argyrosperma ssp. sororia. The main aim of this study was to use molecular data (microsatellites) to assess the levels of genetic variation and genetic differentiation within and among populations of domesticated argyrosperma across its distribution in Mexico in comparison to its wild relative, sororia, and to identify environmental suitability in previously proposed centers of domestication. We analyzed nine unlinked nuclear microsatellite loci to assess levels of diversity and distribution of genetic variation within and among populations in 440 individuals from 19 populations of cultivated landraces of argyrosperma and from six wild populations of sororia, in order to conduct a first systematic analysis of their genetic resources. We also used species distribution models (SDMs) for sororia to identify changes in this wild subspecies’ distribution from the Holocene (∼6,000 years ago) to the present, and to assess the presence of suitable environmental conditions in previously proposed domestication sites. Genetic variation was similar among subspecies (HE = 0.428 in sororia, and HE = 0.410 in argyrosperma). Nine argyrosperma populations showed significant levels of inbreeding. Both subspecies are well differentiated, and genetic differentiation (FST) among populations within each subspecies ranged from 0.152 to 0.652. Within argyrosperma we found three genetic groups (Northern Mexico, Yucatan Peninsula, including Michoacan and Veracruz, and Pacific coast plus Durango). We detected low levels of gene flow among populations at a regional scale (<0.01), except for the Yucatan Peninsula, and the northern portion of the Pacific Coast. Our analyses suggested that the Isthmus of Tehuantepec is an effective barrier isolating southern populations. Our SDM results indicate that environmental characteristics in the Balsas-Jalisco region, a potential center of domestication, were suitable for the presence of sororia during the Holocene.
机译：遗传变异分析使人们能够了解栽培植物的起源，多样化和遗传资源。驯养的分类单元及其野生近缘种是研究植物驯化遗传过程的理想系统，它们的联合对于评估其遗传资源的分布很重要。驯养的亚种C. argyrosperma ssp就是这种情况。 argyrosperma，在墨西哥称为calabaza pipiana，及其野生近缘C. argyrosperma ssp。索罗里亚。这项研究的主要目的是利用分子数据（微卫星）评估在墨西哥分布的驯化的Argyrosperma与其野生近缘种，索罗里亚相比的遗传变异和遗传分化水平，并确定环境适宜性在先前提议的驯养中心。我们分析了9个未链接的核微卫星基因座，以评估来自argyrosperma的19个耕种地方品种和来自sororia的6个野生种群的440个个体内和之间的遗传多样性的多样性和分布水平，以便对其进行首次系统分析遗传资源。我们还使用了物种的物种分布模型（SDM）来识别从全新世（约6000年前）到现在的这种野生亚种分布的变化，并评估先前提出的驯化地点是否存在合适的环境条件。亚种间的遗传变异是相似的（索氏症中HE = 0.428，精子孢子虫中HE = 0.410）。九个argyrosperma种群显示了近交水平。两个亚种都很好地分化，并且每个亚种内的种群之间的遗传分化（FST）范围从0.152到0.652。在 argyrosperma 中，我们发现了三个遗传群体（北墨西哥，尤卡坦半岛，包括米却肯州和韦拉克鲁斯州，以及太平洋沿岸和杜兰戈）。除了尤卡坦半岛和太平洋海岸北部以外，我们在区域规模（<0.01）的人群中检测到低水平的基因流动。我们的分析表明，特温特佩克地峡是隔离南部人口的有效屏障。我们的SDM结果表明，在全新世期间，潜在的驯化中心巴尔萨斯-哈利斯科州的环境特征适合存在 ororia 。

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