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Distribution and Genetic Variability of Fusarium oxysporum Associated with Tomato Diseases in Algeria and a Biocontrol Strategy with Indigenous Trichoderma spp.

机译：与阿尔及利亚番茄病相关的尖孢镰刀菌的分布和遗传变异及土著木霉属菌的生物防治策略。

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Fifty fungal isolates were sampled from diseased tomato plants as result of a survey conducted in seven tomato crop areas in Algeria from 2012 to 2015. Morphological criteria and PCR-based identification, using the primers PF02 and PF03, assigned 29 out of 50 isolates to Fusarium oxysporum (Fo). The banding patterns amplified for genes SIX1, SIX3 and SIX4 served to identify races 2 and 3 of Fo f. sp. lycopersici (FOL), and Fo f. sp. radicis lycopersici (FORL) among the Algerian isolates. All FOL isolates showed pathogenicity on the susceptible tomato cv. “Super Marmande,” while nine of out 10 Algerian FORL isolates were pathogenic on tomato cv. “Rio Grande.” Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) fingerprints showed high genetic diversity among Algerian Fo isolates. Seventeen Algerian Trichoderma isolates were also obtained and assigned to the species T. asperellum (12 isolates), T. harzianum (four isolates) and T. ghanense (one isolate) based on ITS and tef1α gene sequences. Different in vitro tests identified the antagonistic potential of native Trichoderma isolates against FORL and FOL. Greenhouse biocontrol assays performed on “SM” tomato plants with T. ghanense T8 and T. asperellum T9 and T17, and three Fo isolates showed that isolate T8 performed well against FORL and FOL. This finding was based on an incidence reduction of crown and root rot and Fusarium wilt diseases by 53.1 and 48.3%, respectively.
机译：从2012年至2015年在阿尔及利亚的七个番茄作物地区进行的一项调查结果，从患病的番茄植物中取样了50种真菌分离株。使用引物PF02和PF03，对形态学标准和基于PCR的鉴定，将50种分离株中的29种分配给了镰刀菌oxysporum（Fo）。为基因SIX1，SIX3和SIX4扩增的条带模式用于鉴定Fo f的第2和第3种。 sp。 lycopersici（FOL）和Fo f。 sp。阿尔及利亚分离株中的Radily lycopersici（FORL）。所有FOL分离株均对易感番茄cv表现出致病性。 “ Super Marmande”，而10个阿尔及利亚FORL分离株中有9个对番茄简历致病。 “里奥格兰德。”间简单序列重复（ISSR）指纹显示阿尔及利亚Fo分离株之间的高度遗传多样性。根据ITS和tef1α基因序列，还获得了17个阿尔及利亚木霉分离株，并分配给了曲霉菌（12个分离株），哈茨木霉（4个分离株）和加纳木霉（一个分离株）。不同的体外测试确定了天然木霉分离物对FORL和FOL的拮抗潜力。在带有 T的“ SM”番茄植物上进行的温室生物防治测定。 ghanense T8和 T。曲霉Tem和T9和T17，以及3个 Fo 分离株表明，分离株T8对FORL和FOL表现良好。这一发现是基于冠腐病，根腐病和镰刀菌枯萎病的发病率分别降低了53.1％和48.3％。

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