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Signatures of positive selection in African Butana and Kenana dairy zebu cattle

机译：非洲Butana和Kenana奶牛群的积极选择的特征

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Butana and Kenana are two types of zebu cattle found in Sudan. They are unique amongst African indigenous zebu cattle because of their high milk production. Aiming to understand their genome structure, we genotyped 25 individuals from each breed using the Illumina BovineHD Genotyping BeadChip. Genetic structure analysis shows that both breeds have an admixed genome composed of an even proportion of indicine (0.75 ± 0.03 in Butana, 0.76 ± 0.006 in Kenana) and taurine (0.23 ± 0.009 in Butana, 0.24 ± 0.006 in Kenana) ancestries. We also observe a proportion of 0.02 to 0.12 of European taurine ancestry in ten individuals of Butana that were sampled from cattle herds in Tamboul area suggesting local crossbreeding with exotic breeds. Signatures of selection analyses (iHS and Rsb) reveal 87 and 61 candidate positive selection regions in Butana and Kenana, respectively. These regions span genes and quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with biological pathways that are important for adaptation to marginal environments (e.g., immunity, reproduction and heat tolerance). Trypanotolerance QTL are intersecting candidate regions in Kenana cattle indicating selection pressure acting on them, which might be associated with an unexplored level of trypanotolerance in this cattle breed. Several dairy traits QTL are overlapping the identified candidate regions in these two zebu cattle breeds. Our findings underline the potential to improve dairy production in the semi-arid pastoral areas of Africa through breeding improvement strategy of indigenous local breeds.
机译：Butana和Kenana是苏丹发现的两种two牛。由于它们的高产奶量，它们在非洲土著牛中是独特的。为了了解其基因组结构，我们使用Illumina BovineHD基因分型BeadChip对每个品种的25个个体进行了基因分型。遗传结构分析表明，两个品种的混合基因组均由均匀比例的标记（Butana为0.75±0.03，Kenana为0.76±0.006）和牛磺酸（Butana为0.23±0.009，Kenana为0.24±0.006）祖先组成。我们还观察到从Tamboul地区的牛群中抽样的10头Butana个体中，欧洲牛磺酸谱系的比例为0.02至0.12，这表明本地与异种杂交。选择分析的特征（iHS和Rsb）分别显示了Butana和Kenana中的87个和61个候选阳性选择区域。这些区域跨越与生物途径相关的基因和数量性状基因座（QTL），这对于适应边缘环境（例如免疫力，繁殖和耐热性）很重要。锥虫耐受性QTL与Kenana牛的候选区域相交，表明作用于它们的选择压力，这可能与该牛品种中锥虫耐受性的未开发水平有关。在这两个斑布牛品种中，几个乳品性状QTL与确定的候选区域重叠。我们的发现强调了通过本地改良本地品种的育种策略来改善非洲半干旱牧区奶制品生产的潜力。

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