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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Adolescent environmental enrichment prevents behavioral and physiological sequelae of adolescent chronic stress in female (but not male) rats
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Adolescent environmental enrichment prevents behavioral and physiological sequelae of adolescent chronic stress in female (but not male) rats

机译：青春期环境富集可防止雌性（而非雄性）大鼠青春期慢性应激的行为和生理后遗症

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The late adolescent period is characterized by marked neurodevelopmental and endocrine fluctuations in the transition to early adulthood. Adolescents are highly responsive to the external environment, which enhances their ability to adapt and recover from challenges when given nurturing influences, but also makes them vulnerable to aberrant development when exposed to prolonged adverse situations. Female rats are particularly sensitive to the effects of chronic stress in adolescence, which manifests as passive coping strategies and blunted hypothalamo-pituitary adrenocortical (HPA) stress responses in adulthood. We sought to intervene by exposing adolescent rats to environmental enrichment (EE) immediately prior to and during chronic stress, hypothesizing that EE would minimize or prevent the long-term effects of stress that emerge in adult females. To test this, we exposed male and female rats to EE on postnatal days (PND) 33–60 and implemented chronic variable stress (CVS) on PND 40–60. CVS consisted of twice-daily unpredictable stressors. Experimental groups included: CVS/unenriched, unstressed/EE, CVS/EE and unstressed/unenriched (n = 10 of each sex/group). In adulthood, we measured behavior in the open field test and forced swim test (FST) and collected blood samples following the FST. We found that environmental enrichment given during the adolescent period prevented the chronic stress-induced transition to passive coping in the FST and reversed decreases in peak adrenocortical responsiveness observed in adult females. Adolescent enrichment had little to no effect on males or unstressed females tested in adulthood, indicating that beneficial effects are specific to females that were exposed to chronic stress.
机译：青春期后期的特征是在向成年早期过渡期间出现明显的神经发育和内分泌波动。青少年对外部环境具有高度的响应能力，这可以增强他们在受到养育影响时的适应能力和从挑战中恢复的能力，但也使他们在长期处于不利环境中时容易出现异常发展。雌性大鼠对青春期的慢性应激特别敏感，这表现为成年后的被动应对策略和下丘脑-垂体肾上腺皮质（HPA）应激反应减弱。我们试图通过将青春期大鼠在慢性应激之前和之中立即暴露于环境富集（EE）中进行干预，并假设EE将最小化或防止成年雌性出现应激的长期影响。为了测试这一点，我们在产后日（PND）33-60暴露了雌雄大鼠的EE，并在PND 40-60实施了慢性可变应激（CVS）。 CVS由每日两次的不可预测的压力源组成。实验组包括：CVS /不充实，不紧张/ EE，CVS / EE和不充实/不充实（每性别/组n = 10）。成年后，我们在野外测试和强迫游泳测试（FST）中测量行为，并在FST之后收集血液样本。我们发现，青春期期间给予的环境丰富化阻止了FST中慢性应激诱导的过渡为被动应对，并逆转了成年女性中观察到的峰值肾上腺皮质反应性下降。青春期富集对成年后测试的雄性或未受压力的雌性几乎没有影响，这表明有益的作用只针对暴露于慢性应激的雌性。

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