Background and PurposeImaging-based tumor grading is highly desirable, but faces challenges in sensitivity, specificity, or diagnostic accuracy. A recently proposed diffusion imaging method using a fractional order calculus (FROC) model offers a set of new parameters to probe not only the diffusion process itself, but also intra-voxel tissue structures, providing new opportunities for non-invasive tumor grading. This study aims at demonstrating the feasibility of using the FROC model to differentiate low- from high-grade gliomas in adult patients and illustrating its improved performance over a conventional diffusion imaging method employing ADC (or D).
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