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Different Dimensions of Cognitive Style in Typical and Atypical Cognition: New Evidence and a New Measurement Tool

机译:典型和非典型认知中认知风格的不同维度:新证据和新测量工具

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摘要

We developed the Sussex Cognitive Styles Questionnaire (SCSQ) to investigate visual and verbal processing preferences and incorporate global/local processing orientations and systemising into a single, comprehensive measure. In Study 1 (N = 1542), factor analysis revealed six reliable subscales to the final 60 item questionnaire: Imagery Ability (relating to the use of visual mental imagery in everyday life); Technical/Spatial (relating to spatial mental imagery, and numerical and technical cognition); Language & Word Forms; Need for Organisation; Global Bias; and Systemising Tendency. Thus, we replicate previous findings that visual and verbal styles are separable, and that types of imagery can be subdivided. We extend previous research by showing that spatial imagery clusters with other abstract cognitive skills, and demonstrate that global/local bias can be separated from systemising. Study 2 validated the Technical/Spatial and Language & Word Forms factors by showing that they affect performance on memory tasks. In Study 3, we validated Imagery Ability, Technical/Spatial, Language & Word Forms, Global Bias, and Systemising Tendency by issuing the SCSQ to a sample of synaesthetes (N = 121) who report atypical cognitive profiles on these subscales. Thus, the SCSQ consolidates research from traditionally disparate areas of cognitive science into a comprehensive cognitive style measure, which can be used in the general population, and special populations.
机译:我们开发了《苏塞克斯认知风格问卷》(SCSQ),以调查视觉和言语加工偏好,并将全球/本地加工方向和系统化纳入单个综合指标。在研究1(N = 1542)中,因素分析显示了最后60项问卷的六个可靠的子量表:影像能力(与日常生活中使用视觉心理影像有关);技术/空间(与空间心理意象以及数字和技术认知有关);语言和文字形式;组织需求;全球偏见;和系统化趋势。因此,我们复制了以前的发现,即视觉和言语风格是可分离的,并且图像的类型可以细分。我们通过显示空间图像与其他抽象认知技能进行聚类来扩展先前的研究,并证明可以将全局/局部偏差与系统化分开。研究2通过显示它们影响记忆任务的性能来验证技术/空间以及语言和单词形式因素。在研究3中,我们通过向联觉样本(N = 121)发布SCSQ来验证图像能力,技术/空间,语言和单词形式,整体偏向和系统化倾向,这些样本报告了这些分量表上的非典型认知特征。因此,SCSQ将传统上不同领域的认知科学领域的研究整合为一个综合的认知风格测度,可用于普通人群和特殊人群。

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