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Belowground Response to Drought in a Tropical Forest Soil. I. Changes in Microbial Functional Potential and Metabolism

机译：地下对热带森林土壤中干旱的响应。 I.微生物功能潜能和代谢的变化

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摘要

Global climate models predict a future of increased severity of drought in many tropical forests. Soil microbes are central to the balance of these systems as sources or sinks of atmospheric carbon (C), yet how they respond metabolically to drought is not well-understood. We simulated drought in the typically aseasonal Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico, by intercepting precipitation falling through the forest canopy. This approach reduced soil moisture by 13% and water potential by 0.14 MPa (from -0.2 to -0.34). Previous results from this experiment have demonstrated that the diversity and composition of these soil microbial communities are sensitive to even small changes in soil water. Here, we show prolonged drought significantly alters the functional potential of the community and provokes a clear osmotic stress response, including the production of compatible solutes that increase intracellular C demand. Subsequently, a microbial population emerges with a greater capacity for extracellular enzyme production targeting macromolecular carbon. Significantly, some of these drought-induced functional shifts in the soil microbiota are attenuated by prior exposure to a short-term drought suggesting that acclimation may occur despite a lack of longer-term drought history.
机译：全球气候模型预测，许多热带森林的干旱严重程度将在未来增加。土壤微生物是大气碳（C）的源或汇，对于这些系统的平衡至关重要，但是人们对微生物对干旱的新陈代谢反应却知之甚少。我们通过截取穿过林冠的降雨来模拟波多黎各典型的季节性Luquillo实验森林中的干旱。这种方法可将土壤湿度降低13％，将水势降低0.14 MPa（从-0.2降低至-0.34）。该实验的先前结果表明，这些土壤微生物群落的多样性和组成即使对土壤水分的微小变化也敏感。在这里，我们表明长期干旱会大大改变社区的功能潜力，并引发明显的渗透胁迫反应，包括增加细胞内碳需求的相容性溶质的产生。随后，出现了具有针对大分子碳的细胞外酶生产能力更大的微生物种群。值得注意的是，这些干旱引起的土壤微生物区系的某些功能性变化由于事先暴露于短期干旱而减弱了，这表明尽管缺乏长期干旱历史，也可能发生适应气候变化。

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