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Neurocognitive development in socioeconomic context: multiple mechanisms and implications for measuring socioeconomic status

机译:社会经济背景下的神经认知发展:衡量社会经济状况的多种机制和意义

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摘要

Socioeconomic status (SES) has been linked to functioning across a variety of neurocognitive domains including language, memory, executive functioning, and social-emotional processing. We review these findings and discuss the ways in which socioeconomic context may shape neural processes such that these skills are supported by different neurobiological pathways in children from lower versus high SES backgrounds. Moreover we consider the mechanisms by which SES may be related to specific neurocognitive functions. Specifically, we focus on linguistic exposure and stress as two main pathways through which SES could influence neurocognitive processes and shape relations between the neural and behavioral levels of functioning. Finally, suggestions for conceptualizing and measuring SES in future work are offered.
机译:社会经济地位(SES)已与多种神经认知领域的功能相关,包括语言,记忆,执行功能和社会情感处理。我们回顾了这些发现,并讨论了社会经济背景如何影响神经过程,从而使这些技能得到了来自低与高SES背景儿童的不同神经生物学途径的支持。此外,我们考虑了SES可能与特定的神经认知功能相关的机制。具体来说,我们专注于语言暴露和压力,这是SES可以影响神经认知过程以及神经和行为功能水平之间的形状关系的两个主要途径。最后,提出了在未来工作中概念化和衡量SES的建议。

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