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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Abundance of Soil-Borne Entomopathogenic Fungi in Organic and Conventional Fields in the Midwestern USA with an Emphasis on the Effect of Herbicides and Fungicides on Fungal Persistence
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Abundance of Soil-Borne Entomopathogenic Fungi in Organic and Conventional Fields in the Midwestern USA with an Emphasis on the Effect of Herbicides and Fungicides on Fungal Persistence

机译：美国中西部有机田和常规田中土壤致病性昆虫病原真菌的丰富性重点是除草剂和杀真菌剂对真菌持久性的影响

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摘要

Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are widespread in agricultural fields and help suppress crop pests. These natural enemies may be hindered by certain agronomic practices associated with conventional agriculture including the use of pesticides. We tested whether the abundance of EPF differed between organic and conventional fields, and whether specific cropping practices and soil properties were correlated with their abundance. In one year of the survey, soil from organic fields and accompanying margins had significantly more EPF than conventional fields and accompanying margins. Regression analysis revealed that the percentage of silt and the application of organic fertilizer were positively correlated with EPF abundance; but nitrogen concentration, tillage, conventional fields, and margins of conventional fields were negatively correlated with EPF abundance. A greenhouse experiment in which fungicides and herbicides were applied to the soil surface showed no significant effect on EPF. Though organic fields were perceived to be more suitable environments for EPF, abiotic factors and cropping practices such as tillage may have greater impacts on the abundance of EPF. Also, fungicides and herbicides may not be as toxic to soil-borne EPF as originally thought.
机译：病原性真菌（EPF）广泛用于农业领域，有助于抑制农作物害虫。这些天敌可能会受到与常规农业有关的某些农艺实践（包括使用农药）的阻碍。我们测试了EPF的丰度在有机田和常规田之间是否存在差异，以及特定的种植方式和土壤特性是否与它们的丰度相关。在调查的一年中，来自有机田地和伴生边际的土壤的EPF显着高于常规田地和伴生边际的土壤。回归分析表明，粉砂的百分比和有机肥的施用与EPF的含量呈正相关。但氮素浓度，耕作，常规耕作和常规耕作的边际与EPF含量呈负相关。将杀真菌剂和除草剂施用到土壤表面的温室实验表明，对EPF的影响不明显。尽管人们认为有机田更适合用作EPF的环境，但非生物因素和耕作方式（例如耕作）可能会对EPF的丰度产生更大的影响。同样，杀菌剂和除草剂对土壤传播的EPF的毒性可能不如最初所想的那样。

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