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The Challenges of Afghanistan and Iraq Veterans’ Transition from Military to Civilian Life and Approaches to Reconnection

机译：阿富汗和伊拉克退伍军人从军事生活过渡到平民生活的挑战以及重新建立联系的方式

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Afghanistan and Iraq veterans experienced traumas during deployment, and disrupted connections with friends and family. In this context, it is critical to understand the nature of veterans’ transition to civilian life, the challenges navigated, and approaches to reconnection. We investigated these issues in a qualitative study, framed by homecoming theory, that comprised in-depth interviews with 24 veterans. Using an inductive thematic analysis approach, we developed three overarching themes. >Military as family explored how many veterans experienced the military environment as a “family” that took care of them and provided structure. >Normal is alien encompassed many veterans experiences of disconnection from people at home, lack of support from institutions, lack of structure, and loss of purpose upon return to civilian life. >Searching for a new normal included strategies and supports veterans found to reconnect in the face of these challenges. A veteran who had successfully transitioned and provided support and advice as a peer navigator was frequently discussed as a key resource. A minority of respondents—those who were mistreated by the military system, women veterans, and veterans recovering from substance abuse problems—were less able to access peer support. Other reconnection strategies included becoming an ambassador to the military experience, and knowing transition challenges would ease with time. Results were consistent with and are discussed in the context of homecoming theory and social climate theory. Social support is known to be protective for veterans, but our findings add the nuance of substantial obstacles veterans face in locating and accessing support, due to disconnection and unsupportive institutions. Larger scale work is needed to better understand how to foster peer connection, build reconnection with family, and engage the broader community to understand and support veterans; interventions to support reconnection for veterans should be developed.
机译：阿富汗和伊拉克退伍军人在部署过程中遭受了创伤，并破坏了与朋友和家人的联系。在这种情况下，至关重要的是要了解退伍军人向平民生活过渡的本质，所面临的挑战以及重新建立联系的方式。我们在归巢理论的框架下进行了定性研究，对这些问题进行了调查，该研究包括对24名退伍军人的深入访谈。使用归纳主题分析方法，我们开发了三个总体主题。 >军人家庭探索了多少退伍军人作为一个“家庭”经历了军事环境，并照顾了他们并提供了结构。 >普通人是外星人包括许多退伍军人与家庭隔离的经历，缺乏机构的支持，缺乏结构以及重返平民生活后失去目的的经历。 >寻找新常态包括策略，并支持面对这些挑战而重新建立联系的退伍军人。经常讨论了成功过渡并作为同行导航员提供支持和建议的资深人士，这是一个重要资源。少数受访者-受到军事体系，女性退伍军人和从滥用毒品问题中恢复过来的退伍军人的人遭受虐待-获得同伴支持的能力较弱。其他重新连接策略包括成为军事经验的大使，并且知道过渡挑战会随着时间的流逝而减轻。结果与归位理论和社会气候理论相一致并在上下文中进行了讨论。众所周知，社会支持对退伍军人具有保护作用，但是我们的发现增加了退伍军人由于缺乏联系和缺乏支持的机构而在寻找和获得支持方面面临的重大障碍。需要开展更大规模的工作，以更好地了解如何促进同龄人之间的联系，与家人建立重新联系以及使更广泛的社区参与以了解和支持退伍军人。应制定干预措施以支持退伍军人的重新联系。

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