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Lexical decisions in adults with low and high susceptibility to pattern-related visual stress: a preliminary investigation

机译：对与模式相关的视觉压力敏感度低和高的成年人的词汇决策：初步研究

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Pattern-related visual stress (PRVS) is a form of sensory hypersensitivity that some people experience when viewing high contrast repeating patterns, notably alternating dark and light stripes. Those susceptible to PRVS typically have a strong aversion to such stimuli, and this is often accompanied by experiences of visual discomfort and disturbance. The patterns most likely to elicit symptoms of PRVS have a square-wave grating configuration of spatial frequency ~3 cycles/degree. Such stimuli are characteristic of printed text in which lines of words and the spaces between them present a high contrast grating-like stimulus. Consequently, much printed reading material has the potential to elicit PRVS that may impair reading performance, and this problem appears to be common in individuals with reading difficulties including dyslexia. However, the manner in which PRVS affects reading ability is unknown. One possibility is that the early sensory visual stress may interfere with the later cognitive word recognition stage of the reading process, resulting in reading performance that is slower and/or less accurate. To explore the association of PRVS with word recognition ability, lexical decision performance (speed and accuracy) to words and pronounceable non-words was measured in two groups of adults, having low and high susceptibility to PRVS. Results showed that lexical decisions were generally faster but less accurate in high-PRVS, and also that high-PRVS participants made decisions significantly faster for words than for non-words, revealing a strong lexicality effect that was not present in low-PRVS. These findings are novel and, as yet, unconfirmed by other studies.
机译：模式相关的视觉压力（PRVS）是一种感觉超敏反应的形式，某些人在观看高对比度重复模式时会遇到这种感觉，特别是深色和浅色条纹交替出现。那些容易感染PRVS的人通常会对这种刺激产生强烈的反感，这通常伴随着视觉上的不适和干扰。最有可能引起PRVS症状的图案具有方波光栅配置，其空间频率约为3个周期/度。这种刺激是印刷文本的特征，其中单词的行和它们之间的间隔呈现出高对比度的光栅状刺激。因此，许多印刷的阅读材料都有可能引起PRVS，这可能会损害阅读性能，而且这个问题在阅读障碍者（包括诵读困难者）中似乎很常见。但是，PRVS影响阅读能力的方式尚不清楚。一种可能性是，早期的感觉视觉压力可能会干扰阅读过程的后期认知单词识别阶段，导致阅读速度变慢和/或准确性降低。为了探索PRVS与单词识别能力之间的关系，对两组成年人对PRVS的敏感性和低敏感性进行了词汇决策表现（速度和准确性）对单词和明显的非单词的测量。结果表明，在高PRVS中词汇决策通常更快，但准确性较低，而且高PRVS参与者对单词的决策明显比对非单词更快，这表明低PRVS中没有强大的词汇效果。这些发现是新颖的，但尚未得到其他研究的证实。

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