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Ion/Ion Reactions with Onium Reagents: An Approach for the Gas-phase Transfer of Organic Cations to Multiply-Charged Anions

机译:与 O试剂的离子/离子反应:一种将有机阳离子气相转移至带多个电荷的阴离子的方法

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摘要

The use of ion/ion reactions to effect gas-phase alkylation is demonstrated. Commonly used fixed-charge “onium” cations are well-suited for ion/ion reactions with multiply deprotonated analytes because of their tendency to form long-lived electrostatic complexes. Activation of these complexes results in an SN2 reaction that yields an alkylated anion with the loss of a neutral remnant of the reagent. This alkylation process forms the basis of a general method for alkylation of deprotonated analytes generated via electrospray, and is demonstrated on a variety of anionic sites. SN2 reactions of this nature are demonstrated empirically and characterized using density functional theory (DFT). This method for modification in the gas phase is extended to the transfer of larger and more complex R groups that can be used in later gas-phase synthesis steps. For example, N-cyclohexyl-N′-(2-morpholinoethyl)carbodiimide (CMC) is used to transfer a carbodiimide functionality to a peptide anion containing a carboxylic acid. Subsequent activation yields a selective reaction between the transferred carbodiimide group and a carboxylic acid, suggesting the carbodiimide functionality is retained through the transfer process. Many different R groups are transferable using this method, allowing for new possibilities for charge manipulation and derivatization in the gas phase.
机译:证明了使用离子/离子反应进行气相烷基化。常用的固定电荷“鎓”阳离子非常适合与多种去质子化的分析物进行离子/离子反应,因为它们倾向于形成长寿命的静电络合物。这些配合物的活化导致S N 2反应,该反应产生烷基化的阴离子,并损失了试剂的中性残留物。该烷基化过程构成了对通过电喷雾产生的去质子化分析物进行烷基化的一般方法的基础,并且已在各种阴离子位点得到证实。通过密度泛函理论(DFT)对这种性质的S N 2反应进行了经验证明和表征。这种在气相中进行修饰的方法扩展到了更大,更复杂的R基团的转移,可以在以后的气相合成步骤中使用。例如,N-环己基-N'-(2-吗啉代乙基)碳二亚胺(CMC)用于将碳二亚胺官能团转移至含有羧酸的肽阴离子上。随后的活化在所转移的碳二亚胺基团和羧酸之间产生选择性反应,表明碳二亚胺的官能度在转移过程中得以保留。使用这种方法可以转移许多不同的R基团,从而为气相中的电荷操纵和衍生化提供了新的可能性。

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