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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Happily Ever After? Pre-and-Post Disaster Determinants of Happiness Among Survivors of Hurricane Katrina
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Happily Ever After? Pre-and-Post Disaster Determinants of Happiness Among Survivors of Hurricane Katrina

机译：从此以后快乐地生活着？卡特里娜飓风幸存者幸福的灾前和灾后决定因素

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摘要

This study investigated pre- to post-disaster changes in happiness of 491 women affected by Hurricane Katrina, and identified factors that were associated with the survivors’ happiness after the storm. Participants completed surveys approximately 1 year before and 1 and 4 years after the storm. The surveys collected information on the women’s happiness, social support, household characteristics, and hurricane exposure. We found that happiness significantly decreased from pre-disaster to 1 year post-disaster but there were no significant differences in happiness between the pre-disaster and 4 years post-disaster assessments. An exception were 38 women who continued to have lower levels of happiness 4 years post-disaster than at pre-disaster. These women were more likely to be living on their own after the storm and reported consistently lower levels of perceived social support from the community both before and after the storm than the other women of the sample. Factors associated with the survivor’s happiness after the storm included exposure to hurricane stressors and losing a loved one to the hurricane. These were predictive of lower happiness 1 year post-disaster. Four years after the hurricane only exposure to hurricane stressors was predictive of lower levels of happiness. In contrast, pre-disaster happiness and post-disaster social support were protective against the negative effect of the hurricane on survivors’ happiness.
机译：这项研究调查了491名受卡特里娜飓风影响的妇女在灾前到灾后的幸福感变化，并确定了与飓风过后幸存者幸福感相关的因素。参与者大约在风暴发生前的1年，风暴发生后的1年和4年后完成了调查。调查收集了有关妇女的幸福感，社会支持，家庭特征和飓风暴露的信息。我们发现，幸福感从灾前到灾后1年显着降低，但灾前和灾后4年评估之间的幸福感没有显着差异。一个例外是38名妇女，她们在灾后4年的幸福感继续低于灾前。这些妇女在暴风雨后更可能独自生活，并且据报道，在暴风雨前后，社区的社会支持水平始终低于样本中的其他妇女。飓风过后，幸存者的幸福感与之相关的因素包括遭受飓风压力和失去亲人的飓风。这些预示着灾后1年幸福感会降低。飓风过后四年，仅暴露于飓风压力可预示幸福感会降低。相比之下，灾前幸福和灾后社会支持可以防止飓风对幸存者的幸福产生负面影响。

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