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Possible Role of the Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Signaling Pathway in Trimethyltin-Induced Hippocampal Neurodegeneration in Mice

机译:糖原合酶激酶3信号通路在三甲基锡诱导小鼠海马神经变性中的可能作用

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摘要

Trimethyltin (TMT) is an organotin compound with potent neurotoxic effects characterized by neuronal destruction in selective regions, including the hippocampus. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) regulates many cellular processes, and is implicated in several neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of lithium, a selective GSK-3 inhibitor, on the hippocampus of adult C57BL/6 mice with TMT treatment (2.6 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]) and on cultured hippocampal neurons (12 days in vitro) with TMT treatment (5 µM). Lithium (50 mg/kg, i.p., 0 and 24 h after TMT injection) significantly attenuated TMT-induced hippocampal cell degeneration, seizure, and memory deficits in mice. In cultured hippocampal neurons, lithium treatment (0–10 mM; 1 h before TMT application) significantly reduced TMT-induced cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, the dynamic changes in GSK-3/β-catenin signaling were observed in the mouse hippocampus and cultured hippocampal neurons after TMT treatment with or without lithium. Therefore, lithium inhibited the detrimental effects of TMT on the hippocampal neurons in vivo and in vitro, suggesting involvement of the GSK-3/β-catenin signaling pathway in TMT-induced hippocampal cell degeneration and dysfunction.
机译:三甲基锡(TMT)是一种有机锡化合物,具有强大的神经毒性作用,其特征在于包括海马在内的选择性区域的神经元破坏。糖原合酶激酶3(GSK-3)调节许多细胞过程,并与几种神经退行性疾病有关。在这项研究中,我们评估了选择性GSK-3抑制剂锂对经过TMT处理(2.6 mg / kg,腹膜内[ip])的成年C57BL / 6小鼠海马和对培养的海马神经元的治疗效果(12天)体外)与TMT处理(5 µM)。锂(50 mg / kg,在TMT注射后0和24 h,腹腔注射)可显着减轻TMT诱导的小鼠海马细胞变性,癫痫发作和记忆力减退。在培养的海马神经元中,锂处理(0-10 mM;在TMT施用前1小时)以剂量依赖性方式显着降低TMT诱导的细胞毒性。此外,在有或没有锂的TMT处理后,在小鼠海马和培养的海马神经元中观察到GSK-3 /β-catenin信号的动态变化。因此,锂在体内和体外抑制TMT对海马神经元的有害作用,表明GSK-3 /β-catenin信号通路参与TMT诱导的海马细胞变性和功能障碍。

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