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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Influence of Land Mosaic Composition and Structure on Patchy Populations: The Case of the Water Vole (Arvicola sapidus) in Mediterranean Farmland
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Influence of Land Mosaic Composition and Structure on Patchy Populations: The Case of the Water Vole (Arvicola sapidus) in Mediterranean Farmland

机译：陆地马赛克组成和结构对斑驳种群的影响：以地中海农田水田鼠（Arvicola sapidus）为例

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摘要

The ability of patchy populations to persist in human-dominated landscapes is often assessed using focal patch approaches, in which the local occurrence or abundance of a species is related to the properties of individual patches and the surrounding landscape context. However, useful additional insights could probably be gained through broader, mosaic-level approaches, whereby whole land mosaics with contrasting patch-network and matrix characteristics are the units of investigation. In this study we addressed this issue, analysing how the southern water vole (Arvicola sapidus) responds to variables describing patch-network and matrix properties within replicated Mediterranean farmland mosaics, across a gradient of agricultural intensification. Patch-network characteristics had a dominant effect, with the total amount of habitat positively influencing both the occurrence of water voles and the proportion of area occupied in land mosaics. The proportions of patches and area occupied by the species were positively influenced by mean patch size, and negatively so by patch isolation. Matrix effects were weak, although there was a tendency for a higher proportion of occupied patches in more intensive, irrigated agricultural landscapes, particularly during the dry season. In terms of conservation, results suggest that water voles may be able to cope well with, or even be favoured by, the on-going expansion of irrigated agriculture in Mediterranean dry-lands, provided that a number of patches of wet herbaceous vegetation are maintained within the farmland mosaic. Overall, our study suggests that the mosaic-level approach may provide a useful framework to understand the responses of patchy populations to land use change.
机译：通常使用聚焦斑块方法评估斑块种群在人类主导的景观中持久存在的能力，其中物种的局部发生或丰度与单个斑块的特性和周围景观环境有关。但是，可能可以通过更广泛的镶嵌级别方法获得有用的其他见解，其中具有对比斑驳网络和矩阵特征的整个陆地镶嵌是研究的单位。在这项研究中，我们解决了这个问题，分析了南方水田鼠（Arvicola sapidus）如何响应变量，这些变量描述了农业集约化梯度在复制的地中海农田马赛克中的斑块网络和基质特性。斑块网络的特征起主要作用，栖息地的总数对水田鼠的发生和土地镶嵌所占面积的比例均产生积极影响。斑块的比例和物种所占的面积受平均斑块大小的正影响，而受斑块隔离的影响则消极。基质效应较弱，尽管在集约化灌溉的农业景观中，尤其是在旱季，有人居斑块的比例有增加的趋势。在保护方面，研究结果表明，只要保持一定数量的湿草植被，水田鼠就能很好地应对甚至持续发展地中海旱地灌溉农业。农田内的马赛克。总体而言，我们的研究表明，镶嵌层次的方法可能会提供一个有用的框架，以了解零星人口对土地利用变化的反应。

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