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Harnessing Different Motivational Frames via Mobile Phones to Promote Daily Physical Activity and Reduce Sedentary Behavior in Aging Adults

机译：通过手机利用不同的动机框架以促进成年人的日常体育活动并减少久坐行为

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Mobile devices are a promising channel for delivering just-in-time guidance and support for improving key daily health behaviors. Despite an explosion of mobile phone applications aimed at physical activity and other health behaviors, few have been based on theoretically derived constructs and empirical evidence. Eighty adults ages 45 years and older who were insufficiently physically active, engaged in prolonged daily sitting, and were new to smartphone technology, participated in iterative design development and feasibility testing of three daily activity smartphone applications based on motivational frames drawn from behavioral science theory and evidence. An “analytically” framed custom application focused on personalized goal setting, self-monitoring, and active problem solving around barriers to behavior change. A “socially” framed custom application focused on social comparisons, norms, and support. An “affectively” framed custom application focused on operant conditioning principles of reinforcement scheduling and emotional transference to an avatar, whose movements and behaviors reflected the physical activity and sedentary levels of the user. To explore the applications' initial efficacy in changing regular physical activity and leisure-time sitting, behavioral changes were assessed across eight weeks in 68 participants using the CHAMPS physical activity questionnaire and the Australian sedentary behavior questionnaire. User acceptability of and satisfaction with the applications was explored via a post-intervention user survey. The results indicated that the three applications were sufficiently robust to significantly improve regular moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity and decrease leisure-time sitting during the 8-week behavioral adoption period. Acceptability of the applications was confirmed in the post-intervention surveys for this sample of midlife and older adults new to smartphone technology. Preliminary data exploring sustained use of the applications across a longer time period yielded promising results. The results support further systematic investigation of the efficacy of the applications for changing these key health-promoting behaviors.
机译：移动设备是提供及时指导和支持以改善关键的日常健康行为的有希望的渠道。尽管针对身体活动和其他健康行为的手机应用程序激增，但很少有人基于理论推导的构造和经验证据。年龄在45岁以上的80名成年人，他们缺乏体育锻炼，每天长时间坐着不动，并且是智能手机技术的新手，他们参与了基于行为科学理论和激励框架的三种日常活动智能手机应用程序的迭代设计开发和可行性测试。证据。一个“分析”框架的自定义应用程序专注于个性化的目标设置，自我监控以及围绕行为改变障碍的主动问题解决。一个“社交”框架的自定义应用程序，专注于社交比较，规范和支持。一个“情感上”框架的自定义应用程序专注于强化调度和向化身的情感转移的操作条件原理，其动作和行为反映了用户的身体活动和久坐水平。为了探索该应用程序在改变常规体育锻炼和休闲时间方面的初始功效，使用CHAMPS体育锻炼问卷和澳大利亚久坐行为问卷对68名参与者进行了为期八周的行为变化评估。通过干预后的用户调查，探讨了用户对应用程序的接受程度和满意度。结果表明，这三个应用程序具有足够的鲁棒性，可以显着改善规律的中度到剧烈强度的体育活动，并减少在8周的行为采用期间的休闲时间。在干预后的调查中，对于智能手机技术的中年和老年人样本的应用程序的接受性得到了确认。探索在更长的时间内持续使用应用程序的初步数据产生了可喜的结果。结果支持进一步系统研究改变这些关键的促进健康行为的应用的功效。

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