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Early Exposure of Bay Scallops (Argopecten irradians) to High CO2 Causes a Decrease in Larval Shell Growth

机译：海湾扇贝（Argopecten irradians）的早期暴露于高CO2会导致幼体壳生长减少

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Ocean acidification, characterized by elevated pCO2 and the associated decreases in seawater pH and calcium carbonate saturation state (Ω), has a variable impact on the growth and survival of marine invertebrates. Larval stages are thought to be particularly vulnerable to environmental stressors, and negative impacts of ocean acidification have been seen on fertilization as well as on embryonic, larval, and juvenile development and growth of bivalve molluscs. We investigated the effects of high CO2 exposure (resulting in pH = 7.39, Ωar = 0.74) on the larvae of the bay scallop Argopecten irradians from 12 h to 7 d old, including a switch from high CO2 to ambient CO2 conditions (pH = 7.93, Ωar = 2.26) after 3 d, to assess the possibility of persistent effects of early exposure. The survival of larvae in the high CO2 treatment was consistently lower than the survival of larvae in ambient conditions, and was already significantly lower at 1 d. Likewise, the shell length of larvae in the high CO2 treatment was significantly smaller than larvae in the ambient conditions throughout the experiment and by 7 d, was reduced by 11.5%. This study also demonstrates that the size effects of short-term exposure to high CO2 are still detectable after 7 d of larval development; the shells of larvae exposed to high CO2 for the first 3 d of development and subsequently exposed to ambient CO2 were not significantly different in size at 3 and 7 d than the shells of larvae exposed to high CO2 throughout the experiment.
机译：海洋酸化的特征在于pCO2升高，以及海水pH值和碳酸钙饱和状态（Ω）的降低，对海洋无脊椎动物的生长和生存产生了不同的影响。人们认为，幼虫阶段特别容易受到环境压力的影响，并且已经发现海洋酸化对施肥以及双壳软体动物的胚胎，幼虫和幼体发育及生长有负面影响。我们调查了高浓度CO2暴露（导致pH = 7.39，Ωar= 0.74）对海湾扇贝Argopecten irradians幼虫从12小时到7 d龄的影响，包括从高CO2切换到周围CO2条件（pH = 7.93）。 ，Ωar= 2.26）3天后，以评估早期暴露持续影响的可能性。在高CO2处理条件下，幼虫的存活率始终低于环境条件下的幼虫存活率，并且在1 d时已经显着降低。同样，在整个实验中，在高CO2处理条件下，幼虫的壳长显着小于环境条件下的幼虫，到7 d时，幼虫的壳长减少了11.5％。这项研究还表明，在幼虫发育第7天后，仍可以检测到短期暴露于高CO2的尺寸影响。在整个实验过程中，在发育的前3天暴露于高CO2并随后暴露于环境CO2的幼虫壳的大小与暴露于高CO2的幼虫的壳大小没有显着差异。

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