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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Elevated pCO_2 exposure during fertilization of the bay scallop Argopecten irradians reduces larval survival but not subsequent shell size
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Elevated pCO_2 exposure during fertilization of the bay scallop Argopecten irradians reduces larval survival but not subsequent shell size

机译：海湾扇贝Argopecten irradians受精过程中pCO_2暴露增加会降低幼虫的存活率，但不会降低随后的壳大小

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摘要

Ocean acidification, characterized by elevated partial pressure of CO_2 (pCO_2), generally has negative effects on early life stages of invertebrates. We tested the idea that fertilization is a critical CO_2 exposure stage for the bay scallop Argopecten irradians by determining the effects on bay scallops of exposure to high CO_2 (pCO_2 ～2600 ppm, pH ～7.30) from fertilization to 7 d old. To assess the possibility of persistent effects of exposure during fertilization, further treatments included switches from high CO_2 to ambient CO_2 (pCO_2 ～480 ppm, pH ～7.96) and from ambient CO_2 to high CO_2 at 2 h post-fertilization. Survival of larvae decreased significantly when they were fertilized in high CO_2. A switch in CO_2 conditions 2 h post-fertilization did not change this effect, suggesting that the critical exposure window for this survival effect is within the first 2 h. In contrast, CO_2 conditions during fertilization did not affect larval shell size, but the switch treatments showed that exposure to high CO_2 after 2 h post-fertilization decreased shell size, indicating that the exposure window for a size effect was later in development, possibly during shell calcification. Finally, a shell deformity was seen in scallops with continuous exposure to high CO_2 and those switched from ambient CO_2 to high CO_2 at 2 h post-fertilization. Decreased survival during fertilization and smaller larval shell size due to ocean acidification could ultimately reduce the population size of this commercially important bivalve, which has already seen dramatic population decline due to loss of juvenile habitat.
机译：海洋酸化的特征是CO_2（pCO_2）的分压升高，通常对无脊椎动物的早期生命周期产生负面影响。通过确定受精至7 d龄高CO_2（pCO_2〜2600 ppm，pH〜7.30）暴露对海湾扇贝的影响，我们测试了施肥是海湾扇贝Argopecten irradians至关重要的CO_2暴露阶段的想法。为了评估受精过程中暴露持续影响的可能性，进一步的处理措施包括在受精后2 h从高CO_2切换到周围CO_2（pCO_2〜480 ppm，pH〜7.96），并从周围CO_2切换到高CO_2。在高CO_2浓度下受精时，幼虫的存活率显着降低。施肥后2 h CO_2条件的变化并没有改变这种效应，这表明该存活效应的关键暴露窗口在前2 h之内。相比之下，受精过程中的CO_2条件并不影响幼虫的壳大小，但是转换处理表明，受精后2 h暴露于高CO_2会降低壳大小，表明尺寸效应的暴露窗口在后期发育中，可能是在贝壳钙化。最后，在连续暴露于高CO_2的扇贝中观察到贝壳畸形，并且在受精后2 h从周围的CO_2转变为高CO_2。受精过程中生存期的减少和海洋酸化引起的幼虫壳尺寸的减小最终可能会降低这种商业上重要的双壳类的种群数量，该双壳类已经由于少年栖息地的丧失而急剧减少。

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