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Coupling Genetic and Species Distribution Models to Examine the Response of the Hainan Partridge (Arborophila ardens) to Late Quaternary Climate

机译：耦合基因和物种分布模型来检查海南山鹧鸪到晚第四纪气候响应（山鹧鸪属ardens）

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Understanding the historical dynamics of animal species is critical for accurate prediction of their response to climate changes. During the late Quaternary period, Southeast Asia had a larger land area than today due to lower sea levels, and its terrestrial landscape was covered by extensive forests and savanna. To date, however, the distribution fluctuation of vegetation and its impacts on genetic structure and demographic history of local animals during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) are still disputed. In addition, the responses of animal species on Hainan Island, located in northern Southeast Asia, to climate changes during the LGM are poorly understood. Here, we combined phylogeographic analysis, paleoclimatic evidence, and species distribution models to examine the response of the flightless Hainan Partridge (Arborophila ardens) to climate change. We concluded that A. ardens survived through LGM climate changes, and its current distribution on Hainan Island was its in situ refuge. Range model results indicated that A. ardens once covered a much larger area than its current distribution. Demographic history described a relatively stable pattern during and following the LGM. In addition, weak population genetic structure suggests a role in promoting gene flow between populations with climate-induced elevation shifts. Human activities must be considered in conservation planning due to their impact on fragmented habitats. These first combined data for Hainan Partridge demonstrate the value of paired genetic and SDMs study. More related works that might deepen our understanding of the responses of the species in Southeast Asia to late Quaternary Climate are needed.
机译：了解动物物种的历史动态对于准确预测其对气候变化的响应至关重要。在第四纪后期，由于海平面较低，东南亚的土地面积比今天更大，其陆地景观被大片的森林和稀树草原覆盖。然而，迄今为止，在最后冰川期（LGM）期间植被分布的波动及其对当地动物遗传结构和人口历史的影响仍存在争议。此外，人们还不太了解位于东南亚北部海南岛的动物物种在LGM期间对气候变化的反应。在这里，我们结合了系统地理学分析，古气候证据和物种分布模型，以研究飞行中的海南Part（Arborophila ardens）对气候变化的响应。我们得出的结论是，A。ardens通过LGM气候变化得以幸存，其目前在海南岛的分布是其原地避难所。范围模型结果表明，A。ardens曾经覆盖的面积比其当前分布大得多。人口历史描述了LGM期间和之后的相对稳定的模式。此外，脆弱的种群遗传结构表明在气候引起的海拔高度变化的情况下，在促进种群之间的基因流动方面发挥了作用。在保护规划中必须考虑人类活动，因为它们会影响零散的栖息地。这些海南Part的首次组合数据证明了配对的遗传和SDM研究的价值。需要开展更多相关的工作，以加深我们对东南亚物种对第四纪晚期气候的响应的了解。

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