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Electropolymerizable 22′-Carboranyldithiophenes. Structure–Property Investigations of the Corresponding Conducting Polymer Films by Electrochemistry UV–Visible Spectroscopy and Conducting Probe Atomic Force Microscopy

机译:可电22- Carboranyldithiophenes。                    对应的导电的结构特性研究                    聚合物薄膜的电化学紫外 - 可见光谱和                    导电探针原子力显微镜

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摘要

Carborane-functionalized conducting polymer films have been electrogenerated in dichloromethane from the anodic oxidation of ortho- (>1), meta- (>3) and para-carborane (>4) isomers linked to two 2-thienyl units. The corresponding electrochemical response was characterized by a broad reversible redox system corresponding to the p-doping/undoping of the polythiophene backbone, the formal potential of which increased in the order poly(>1) < poly(>3) < poly(>4), from ca. 0.50 to 1.15 V vs Ag/Ag+ 10−2 M. From further UV–visible spectroscopy analysis, the optical band gap was estimated at 1.8, 2.0 and 2.2 eV for poly(>1), poly(>3) and poly(>4), respectively. The more conjugated and electroconductive character of poly(>1) is ascribed to a more planar conformation of the conjugated backbone resulting from an intramolecular β–β′ cyclization reaction in the monomer, consequently yielding a fused conjugated polymer. Molecular modeling calculations using the DFT method support this hypothesis. The surface topography and maps of the conductive domains of the electropolymerized films were evaluated by conducting probe AFM. The three polymers exhibit fairly similar morphological characteristics and a surface roughness of ~2 nm. Current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of conducting AFM tip-carborane polymer–ITO junctions showed that poly(>1) had the highest conductivity.

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