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Contributions of procedure and stimulus learning to early rapid perceptual improvements

机译：程序和刺激学习对早期快速知觉改善的贡献

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摘要

Improvements in performance on many perceptual skills can occur with only a single training session. Of interest here is what aspects of the training experience are being learned during this brief exposure. While there is considerable evidence that learning associated with specific feature values of the stimulus used in training (stimulus learning) contributes to these rapid improvements, there has been little direct investigation of the possibility that other types of learning do so as well. Here we show that not only stimulus learning but also learning of more general aspects of the training experience (procedure learning) contributed to rapid improvements in performance on interaural-time-difference discrimination. However, practice on the type of judgment to be made did not appear to aid performance (no task learning). These results are consistent with physiological reports that different neural mechanisms are engaged at different time points during even a brief training session, and imply that the circuits that are engaged and likely modified vary in the degree of their selectivity to the target condition. Such changes presumably enable further learning.
机译：只需一次培训，就可以提高许多感知技能的性能。这里有趣的是，在这段简短的曝光中正在学习哪些培训经验。尽管有相当多的证据表明，与训练中使用的刺激的特定特征值相关的学习（刺激学习）有助于这些快速改善，但几乎没有直接调查其他类型的学习也这样做的可能性。在这里，我们表明，不仅刺激学习，而且对培训经验的更一般方面的学习（过程学习）都有助于快速改善听觉间时差歧视的表现。但是，就判断类型进行练习似乎并不有助于提高绩效（无任务学习）。这些结果与生理报告一致，即使在短暂的训练过程中，不同的神经机制会在不同的时间点参与，并且暗示参与并可能经过修改的电路对目标条件的选择性程度有所不同。这样的变化大概可以进一步学习。

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