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Breeding context-dependent relationships between song and cFOS labeling within social behavior brain regions in male European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)

机译:欧洲八哥(Sturnus vulgaris)社交行为大脑区域内歌曲与cFOS标签之间的上下文相关关系的繁殖

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摘要

Male European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) sing throughout the year, but the social factors that motivate singing behavior differ depending upon the context in which song is produced. In a non-breeding context (when testosterone concentrations are low) starlings form large, mixed-sex flocks and song is involved in flock cohesion and perhaps maintenance of social hierarchies. In contrast, in a breeding context (when testosterone concentrations are high) male song plays a direct role in mate attraction. How the nervous system ensures that song production occurs in an appropriate context in response to appropriate stimuli is not well understood. The song control system regulates song production, learning, and to some extent perception; however these nuclei do not appear to regulate the social context in which song is produced. A network of steroid hormone sensitive nuclei of the basal forebrain and midbrain regulates social behavior. The present study used the immediate early gene cFOS to explore possible involvement of these regions in context-dependent song production. Numbers of cFOS-labeled cells in the medial bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, anterior hypothalamus, and ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus related positively only to song produced in a breeding context. In contrast, numbers of cFOS-labeled cells in three zones of the lateral septum related positively only to song produced in a non-breeding context. Taken together, these data suggest differential regulation of male starling song by social behavior nuclei depending upon the breeding context in which it is produced.
机译:欧洲雄性八哥(Sturnus vulgaris)全年唱歌,但是,激发歌唱行为的社会因素因歌声产生的环境而异。在非繁殖环境中(睾丸激素浓度低时),八哥会形成大型的混交性成群,而歌声则与羊群的凝聚力以及社会等级的维持​​有关。相反,在繁殖环境中(当睾丸激素浓度很高时),男性歌曲在吸引伴侣中起直接作用。神经系统如何确保响应适当的刺激而在适当的情况下产生歌曲。歌曲控制系统调节歌曲的产生,学习和某种程度上的感知;但是,这些核似乎并不能调节产生歌曲的社会环境。基底前脑和中脑的类固醇激素敏感核网络调节着社会行为。本研究使用立即早期基因cFOS来探索这些区域可能参与上下文相关歌曲的产生。终末层纹状体,下丘脑前部和下丘脑腹膜内侧核中cFOS标记的细胞数与繁殖环境中产生的歌曲呈正相关。相比之下,外侧间隔三个区域中cFOS标记的细胞数量仅与非繁殖环境下产生的歌曲呈正相关。综上所述,这些数据表明社交行为核对雄性八哥歌曲的差异调节取决于所产生的繁殖环境。

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