In a previous Research Letter, we aired our grievances regarding dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors by likening them to the popular television show . Similar to the trivial yet humorous experiences of Jerry and his friends, DPP-4 inhibitors basically do nothing with respect to clinically meaningful outcomes. Our meta-analysis of 3 large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrated that, compared with placebo, DPP-4 inhibitors have no effect on major adverse cardiovascular events (defined as cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke with or without unstable angina), all-cause mortality, or hospital admission for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had or were at risk for cardiovascular disease. Since then, additional cardiovascular outcome trials involving DPP-4 inhibitors have been published.
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