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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Platinum Mine Workers’ Exposure to Dust Particles Emitted at Mine Waste Rock Crusher Plants in Limpopo South Africa
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Platinum Mine Workers’ Exposure to Dust Particles Emitted at Mine Waste Rock Crusher Plants in Limpopo South Africa

机译：南非林波波的白金矿工人暴露于矿山碎石破碎机排放的粉尘

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The South African mining industry is one of the largest producers of platinum (Pt) in the world. Workers in this industry are exposed to significant amounts of dust, and this dust consists of particles sizes that can penetrate deep inside the respiratory region. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate dust exposure risk at two Pt mine waste rock crusher plants (Facility A and B) in Limpopo, South Africa. Workers’ demographic and occupational information was collected through a structured questionnaire, a walk-through observation on facilities’ processes, and static dust sampling for the collection of inhalable and respirable dust particles using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOH) 7602 and the Methods for Determination of Hazardous Substance (MDHS) 14/4 as guidelines. Only 79% of Pt mine workers, used their respiratory protective equipment (RPE), sixty-five percent were exposed to work shifts exceeding the recommended eight hours and 8.8% had been employed for more than ten years. The mean time-weighted average (TWA) dust concentrations between Facility A and B showed a significant difference ( < 0.026). The Pt mine’s inhalable concentrations (range 0.03–2.2 mg/m ) were higher than the respirable concentrations (range 0.02–0.7 mg/m ), however were all below the respective international and local occupational exposure limits (OELs). The Pt mine’s respirable crystalline silica (SiO ) quartz levels were all found below the detectable limit (<0.01 mg/m ). The Pt miners had increased health risks due to accumulated low levels of dust exposure and lack of usage of RPE. It is recommended that an improved dust control program be put in place which includes, but is not limited to, stockpile enclosures, tire stops with water sprays, and education on the importance of RPE usage.
机译：南非矿业是世界上最大的铂（Pt）生产商之一。该行业的工人会接触大量的灰尘，并且这些灰尘由可渗透到呼吸区域内部的颗粒大小组成。进行了一项横断面研究，以评估南非林波波的两处Pt矿山废石破碎厂（设施A和B）的粉尘暴露风险。工人的人口统计和职业信息是通过使用国家职业安全与健康研究所（NIOH）7602和美国职业安全与健康研究所（NIOH）通过结构化的问卷调查，对设施过程的逐步观察以及静态粉尘采样来收集可吸入和可吸入的粉尘颗粒而收集的。以《有害物质测定方法》（MDHS）14/4为指导。仅79％的Pt矿山工人使用了呼吸防护设备（RPE），百分之六十五的工作班次超过建议的8小时，而8.8％的工作时间已超过十年。设施A和B之间的平均时间加权平均（TWA）灰尘浓度显示出显着差异（<0.026）。 Pt矿山的可吸入浓度（范围为0.03–2.2 mg / m 2）高于可呼吸的浓度（范围为0.02–0.7 mg / m 2），但是都低于相应的国际和当地职业接触限值（OELs）。发现Pt矿的可呼吸结晶二氧化硅（SiO）石英含量均低于可检测极限（<0.01 mg / m）。由于累积的粉尘暴露水平低和缺乏RPE的使用，Pt矿工的健康风险增加。建议实施改进的粉尘控制程序，包括但不限于库存围栏，喷水的轮胎止动装置以及有关RPE使用重要性的教育。

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