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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Platinum Mine Workers’ Exposure to Dust Particles Emitted at Mine Waste Rock Crusher Plants in Limpopo, South Africa
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Platinum Mine Workers’ Exposure to Dust Particles Emitted at Mine Waste Rock Crusher Plants in Limpopo, South Africa

机译：铂金矿工人接触在南非林普帕湖的矿井废弃岩石破碎机植物发出的灰尘颗粒

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The South African mining industry is one of the largest producers of platinum (Pt) in the world. Workers in this industry are exposed to significant amounts of dust, and this dust consists of particles sizes that can penetrate deep inside the respiratory region. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate dust exposure risk at two Pt mine waste rock crusher plants (Facility A and B) in Limpopo, South Africa. Workers’ demographic and occupational information was collected through a structured questionnaire, a walk-through observation on facilities’ processes, and static dust sampling for the collection of inhalable and respirable dust particles using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOH) 7602 and the Methods for Determination of Hazardous Substance (MDHS) 14/4 as guidelines. Only 79% of Pt mine workers, used their respiratory protective equipment (RPE), sixty-five percent were exposed to work shifts exceeding the recommended eight hours and 8.8% had been employed for more than ten years. The mean time-weighted average (TWA) dust concentrations between Facility A and B showed a significant difference ( p 0.026). The Pt mine’s inhalable concentrations (range 0.03–2.2 mg/m 3 ) were higher than the respirable concentrations (range 0.02–0.7 mg/m 3 ), however were all below the respective international and local occupational exposure limits (OELs). The Pt mine’s respirable crystalline silica (SiO 2 ) quartz levels were all found below the detectable limit (0.01 mg/m 3 ). The Pt miners had increased health risks due to accumulated low levels of dust exposure and lack of usage of RPE. It is recommended that an improved dust control program be put in place which includes, but is not limited to, stockpile enclosures, tire stops with water sprays, and education on the importance of RPE usage.
机译：南非矿业是世界上最大的铂金（PT）的生产商之一。该行业的工人暴露在大量的灰尘中，这种灰尘由颗粒尺寸组成，可以在呼吸区域内深入渗透。进行了一个横断面研究，以评估南非林帕的两个PT矿废物岩破碎机（设施A和B）的粉尘暴露风险。工人人口统计和职业信息通过结构化问卷，步行式观察设施的过程，以及利用国家职业安全和健康研究所（NIOH）7602和静态粉尘采样收集可吸入和可吸入的粉尘颗粒确定危险物质（MDHS）14/4作为指导原则的方法。只有79％的PT矿工，使用呼吸保护设备（RPE），六十五％暴露于超过建议的八小时，8.8％已雇用十多年。设施A和B之间的平均分时平均（TWA）粉尘浓度显示出显着差异（P <0.026）。 PT矿山可吸入浓度（0.03-2.2mg / m 3）高于可吸入浓度（范围0.02-0.7mg / m 3），但均低于各自的国际和地方职业暴露限值（OEL）。 PT矿的可吸入结晶二氧化硅（SiO 2）石英水平均在可检测的极限下（<0.01mg / m 3）。由于累积低水平的灰尘暴露和缺乏RPE缺乏使用，PT矿工具有增加的健康风险。建议将改进的粉尘控制程序放在包括但不限于储存的外壳，轮胎与水喷雾器停止，以及关于RPE使用的重要性的教育。

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