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Hydrogen Production via Steam Reforming: A Critical Analysis of MR and RMM Technologies

机译：蒸汽重整制氢：MR和RMM技术的批判性分析

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‘Hydrogen as the energy carrier of the future’ has been a topic discussed for decades and is today the subject of a new revival, especially driven by the investments in renewable electricity and the technological efforts done by high-developed industrial powers, such as Northern Europe and Japan. Although hydrogen production from renewable resources is still limited to small scale, local solutions, and R&D projects; steam reforming (SR) of natural gas at industrial scale is the cheapest and most used technology and generates around 8 kg CO per kg H . This paper is focused on the process optimization and decarbonization of H production from fossil fuels to promote more efficient approaches based on membrane separation. In this work, two emerging configurations have been compared from the numerical point of view: the membrane reactor (MR) and the reformer and membrane module (RMM), proposed and tested by this research group. The rate of hydrogen production by SR has been calculated according to other literature works, a one-dimensional model has been developed for mass, heat, and momentum balances. For the membrane modules, the rate of hydrogen permeation has been estimated according to mass transfer correlation previously reported by this research group and based on previous experimental tests carried on in the first RMM Pilot Plant. The methane conversion, carbon dioxide yield, temperature, and pressure profile are compared for each configuration: SR, MR, and RMM. By decoupling the reaction and separation section, such as in the RMM, the overall methane conversion can be increased of about 30% improving the efficiency of the system.
机译：“氢作为未来的能源载体”已成为数十年来一直讨论的话题，如今已成为新的复兴主题，特别是在对可再生电力的投资以及北方等发达工业大国所做的技术努力的推动下欧洲和日本。尽管可再生资源制氢仍局限于小规模，本地解决方案和研发项目；工业规模的天然气蒸汽重整（SR）是最便宜和最常用的技术，每千克H产生约8千克一氧化碳。本文的重点是从化石燃料中制氢的过程优化和脱碳，以促进基于膜分离的更有效方法。在这项工作中，从数值的角度比较了两种新兴的构型：该研究小组提出并测试的膜反应器（MR）和重整器和膜组件（RMM）。 SR的产氢速率已经根据其他文献工作进行了计算，已经针对质量，热量和动量平衡建立了一个一维模型。对于膜组件，已根据该研究小组先前报告的传质相关性并基于在第一台RMM中试工厂进行的先前实验测试，估计了氢的渗透速率。比较每种配置（SR，MR和RMM）的甲烷转化率，二氧化碳产率，温度和压力曲线。通过将反应和分离部分分离，例如在RMM中，甲烷的总转化率可以提高约30％，从而提高了系统的效率。

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