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Prospects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Utilization in Production of Allium Plants

机译：丛枝菌根真菌在葱属植物生产中的应用前景

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摘要

The need to improve crop yield and quality, decrease the level of mineral fertilizers and pesticides/herbicides supply, and increase plants’ immunity are important topics of agriculture in the 21st century. In this respect, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may be considered as a crucial tool in the development of a modern environmentally friendly agriculture. The efficiency of AMF application is connected to genetic peculiarities of plant and AMF species, soil characteristics and environmental factors, including biotic and abiotic stresses, temperature, and precipitation. Among vegetable crops, species are particularly reactive to soil mycorrhiza, due to their less expanded root apparatus surface compared to most other species. Moreover, crops are economically important and able to synthesize powerful anti-carcinogen compounds, such as selenomethyl selenocysteine and gamma-glutamyl selenomethyl selenocysteine, which highlights the importance of the present detailed discussion about the AMF use prospects to enhance plant growth and development. This review reports the available information describing the AMF effects on the seasonal, inter-, and intra-species variations of yield, biochemical characteristics, and mineral composition of species, with a special focus on the selenium accumulation both in ordinary conditions and under selenium supply.
机译：提高作物产量和质量，降低矿物肥料和农药/除草剂供应的水平以及提高植物的免疫力是21世纪农业的重要课题。在这方面，丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）可被视为发展现代环保农业的关键工具。施用AMF的效率与植物和AMF物种的遗传特性，土壤特性和环境因素（包括生物和非生物胁迫，温度和降水）有关。在蔬菜作物中，由于与大多数其他物种相比，它们的根部器械表面扩展性较小，因此它们对土壤菌根特别具有反应性。此外，农作物在经济上很重要，并且能够合成强大的抗癌物质，例如硒代甲基硒代半胱氨酸和γ-谷氨酰胺基硒代甲基硒代半胱氨酸，这凸显了当前有关AMF使用前景的详细讨论对于增强植物生长和发育的重要性。这篇综述报告了描述AMF对季节性，种间和种内物种产量，生化特征和矿物组成变化的影响的可用信息，并特别关注了正常条件下和硒供应下的硒积累。

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