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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease >The Growing Importance of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy and How Research and Innovation Can Enhance Its Implementation on the Ground
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The Growing Importance of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy and How Research and Innovation Can Enhance Its Implementation on the Ground

机译：结核病预防治疗的重要性与日俱增研究和创新如何在当地加强实施

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Ending the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic by 2030 requires two key actions: rapid diagnosis and effective treatment of active TB and identification and treatment of latent TB infection to prevent progression to active disease. We introduce this perspective by documenting the growing importance of TB preventive therapy on the international agenda coupled with global data showing poor implementation of preventive activities in programmatic settings. We follow this with two principal objectives. The first is to examine implementation challenges around diagnosis and treatment of active TB. Within this, we include recent evidence about the continued morbidity and heightened mortality that persists after TB treatment is successfully completed, thus elevating the importance of TB preventive therapy. The second objective is to outline how current TB preventive therapy activities have been shaped and are managed and propose how these can be improved through research and innovation. This includes expanding and giving higher priority to certain high-risk groups including those with fibrotic lung lesions on chest X-ray, showcasing the need to develop and deploy new biomarkers to more accurately predict risk of disease and making shorter treatment regimens, especially with rifapentine-isoniazid, more user-friendly and widely available. Ending the TB epidemic requires not only cure of the disease but preventing it before it even begins.
机译：要在2030年前结束结核病的流行，需要采取两项关键行动：快速诊断和有效治疗活动性结核病，以及鉴定和治疗潜在的结核病感染以预防进展为活动性疾病。我们通过记录结核病预防治疗在国际议程上日益重要的地位以及全球数据表明在规划环境中预防活动的执行不力，来介绍这种观点。我们遵循两个主要目标。首先是研究围绕活动性结核病诊断和治疗的实施挑战。其中，我们纳入了有关成功完成结核病治疗后持续发病率和死亡率增加的最新证据，从而提高了结核病预防治疗的重要性。第二个目标是概述当前结核病预防治疗活动的形成和管理方式，并提出如何通过研究和创新加以改进。这包括扩大某些高危人群的优先级，包括对胸部X光检查有纤维化性肺部病变的人群，表明需要开发和部署新的生物标志物以更准确地预测疾病风险，并缩短治疗方案，尤其是利福喷丁-isoniazid，更加人性化并且可广泛使用。结束结核病的流行不仅需要治愈该疾病，还需要在其开始之前就加以预防。

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