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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Sensors (Basel Switzerland) >A Smartphone Integrated Hand-Held Gap and Flush Measurement System for in Line Quality Control of Car Body Assembly
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A Smartphone Integrated Hand-Held Gap and Flush Measurement System for in Line Quality Control of Car Body Assembly

机译：智能手机集成式手持间隙和冲水测量系统用于车身总成的在线质量控制

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This paper presents the design and the characterization of a portable laser triangulation measurement system for measuring gap and flush in the car body assembly process. Targeting Human in the Loop (HILT) operations in the manufacturing sector, and in line with the vision of human empowerment with Industry 4.0 technologies, the instrument embeds features to ease operators’ activity and compensate possible misuse that could affect the robustness and the quality of data acquired. The device is based on a smartphone integrated with a miniaturized laser triangulation system installed in a cover. The device embodies additional sensors and control systems in order to guarantee operators’ safety (switching on and off the laser line based on specific conditions), support operators during the measurement execution task, and optimize the image acquisition process for minimizing the uncertainty associated to the measurement. The smartphone performs on-board processing and allows Wi-Fi communication with the plant IT infrastructure. Compliance to Industry 4.0 requirements is guaranteed using OPC-UA (Open Platform Communications—Unified Architecture) communication protocol enabling the exchange of live data with the plant middleware. The smartphone provides also an advanced high-resolution color display and well proven and ergonomic human–machine interfaces, which have been fully exploited in the design. The paper introduces the system optical layout and then presents the algorithms implemented to realize the gap and flush measurement. The paper finally presents the calibration of the instrument and estimates its calibration uncertainty in laboratory conditions. Then it discusses how performance decays when the operator handles the instrument on a reference car body. Finally, it shows the analysis of uncertainty when the device is used on real car bodies of different colors in a production line. It is observed that the measurement uncertainty of the whole measurement chain (measurand + instrument + operator + uncontrolled environmental conditions) is larger than the instrument calibration uncertainty because the measurement process is affected by the operator and the variable conditions of the production line.
机译：本文介绍了一种便携式激光三角测量系统的设计和特性，该系统可用于测量车身组装过程中的间隙和平齐度。该仪器以制造业中的人为循环（HILT）操作为目标，并符合工业4.0技术赋予人类权力的愿景，其嵌入的功能可简化操作员的活动并补偿可能影响操作员的健壮性和质量的误用数据获取。该设备基于智能手机，该智能手机集成了安装在机盖中的微型激光三角测量系统。该设备包含附加的传感器和控制系统，以确保操作员的安全（根据特定条件打开和关闭激光线），在执行测量任务期间为操作员提供支持，并优化图像采集过程以最大程度地减少与操作相关的不确定性。测量。智能手机执行车载处理，并允许与工厂IT基础架构进行Wi-Fi通信。使用OPC-UA（开放平台通信-统一体系结构）通信协议可确保符合工业4.0要求，从而可以与工厂中间件交换实时数据。智能手机还提供了先进的高分辨率彩色显示屏以及经过验证的，符合人体工程学的人机界面，这些设计已被充分利用。本文介绍了系统的光学布局，然后介绍了实现间隙和冲洗测量的算法。本文最后介绍了仪器的校准，并估计了实验室条件下的校准不确定性。然后讨论了操作员在参考车身上操作仪器时性能如何下降。最后，它显示了将设备用于生产线中不同颜色的真实车身上时的不确定性分析。可以看出，整个测量链（被测量物+仪器+操作人员+不受控制的环境条件）的测量不确定度大于仪器校准不确定度，因为测量过程受操作人员和生产线条件的影响。

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