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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Prevention of Musculoskeletal Diseases and Pain among Dental Professionals through Ergonomic Interventions: A Systematic Literature Review
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Prevention of Musculoskeletal Diseases and Pain among Dental Professionals through Ergonomic Interventions: A Systematic Literature Review

机译：通过人体工程学干预预防牙科专业人员的肌肉骨骼疾病和疼痛：系统文献综述

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Musculoskeletal diseases and pain (MSDs) are prevalent among dental professionals. They cause a growing inability to work and premature leaving of the occupation. Thus, the objective of this review was to summarize the evidence of ergonomic interventions for the prevention of MSDs among dental professionals. This review was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The literature search was carried out in May 2018, with an update in April 2019. Scientific databases such as MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed and Web of Science as well as reference lists of the included studies were used. Relevant data were extracted from the studies and summarized. The quality assessment was performed using a validated standardized instrument. Eleven studies were included in this review, of which four are of high quality. Eight studies focused on setting prevention strategies. Of those, in five studies, magnification loupes or prismatic spectacles were the subject of ergonomic interventions. Further subjects were the dental chair ( = 2) and dental instruments ( = 1). Three studies evaluated ergonomic training. In all studies, the ergonomic interventions had positive effects on the study outcome. Several ergonomic interventions to prevent MSDs among dental professionals were found to exert a positive effect on the prevalence of MSDs or working posture. This systematic review adds current evidence for the use of prismatic spectacles in order to prevent MSDs among dental professionals. Further intervention studies about the role of ergonomics for the prevention of MSDs among dental professionals are warranted.
机译：肌肉骨骼疾病和疼痛（MSD）在牙科专业人士中很普遍。它们导致无法工作和职业的过早增长。因此，本综述的目的是总结预防牙科专业人员中MSD的人体工程学干预措施的证据。使用系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行了此评价。文献检索于2018年5月进行，并于2019年4月进行了更新。使用了MEDLINE，CINAHL，PubMed和Web of Science等科学数据库以及纳入研究的参考清单。从研究中提取相关数据并进行总结。使用经过验证的标准化工具进行质量评估。该评价包括11项研究，其中4项是高质量的。八项研究侧重于制定预防策略。在其中的五项研究中，放大倍数放大镜或棱镜眼镜是人体工程学干预的对象。其他受试者是牙科椅（= 2）和牙科器械（= 1）。三项研究评估了人体工程学训练。在所有研究中，人体工程学干预措施均对研究结果产生积极影响。研究发现，一些人体工程学干预措施可防止牙科专业人员中的MSD发生，从而对MSD的发生率或工作姿势产生积极影响。这项系统的审查增加了使用棱镜眼镜以防止牙科专业人员中MSD的最新证据。有必要在牙科专业人员中进行有关人体工程学对预防MSD的作用的进一步干预研究。

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