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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Plants >Mitigation of the Adverse Effects of the El Niño (El Niño La Niña) Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Phenomenon and the Most Important Diseases in Avocado cv. Hass Crops
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Mitigation of the Adverse Effects of the El Niño (El Niño La Niña) Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Phenomenon and the Most Important Diseases in Avocado cv. Hass Crops

机译：缓解厄尔尼诺（厄尔尼诺拉尼娜）南部涛动（ENSO）现象和鳄梨最重要疾病的不利影响。海斯作物

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摘要

Areas cultivated with Hass avocado crops in Colombia have growth rapidly. One of the major limitations is the avocado wilt complex disease (AWC) caused by biotic and abiotic factors which have increased under the El Niño southern oscillation ENSO phenomenon (El Niño, La Niña). The objective of this study was to evaluate different strategies for mitigating the adverse effects associated with the ENSO phenomenon and AWC in avocado crops. We evaluated native materials, mulches, and parameters associated with the production of seedlings and planting practices in the field. The response variables tested were plant development, incidence, severity, mortality, and microbial dynamics, among others. The results indicated that native genotypes of had different levels of adaptability to drought and flooding conditions. These genotypes also showed some degree of resistance to and sp. infection with several degrees of rootstock-scion incompatibility with the Hass cultivar. In addition, mulch reduced the variability of soil moisture and temperature in the soil profile. Adequate selection of genotypes and new tools for planting have decreased the susceptibility to adverse effects associated with the ENSO phenomenon and the incidence and mortality caused by diseases under drought and flooding conditions. This work presents alternatives to mitigate adverse effects of climate variability in avocado crops under tropical conditions.
机译：哥伦比亚哈斯鳄梨种植的地区增长迅速。主要局限性之一是鳄梨萎complex病（AWC），它是由生物和非生物因素引起的，在厄尔尼诺南部振荡ENSO现象（厄尔尼诺，拉尼娜）的影响下，鳄梨萎complex病有所增加。这项研究的目的是评估减轻与鳄梨作物中ENSO现象和AWC相关的不利影响的不同策略。我们评估了本地材料，覆盖物以及与幼苗生产和田间种植实践相关的参数。测试的响应变量包括植物发育，发生率，严重性，死亡率和微生物动力学等。结果表明，的天然基因型对干旱和洪水条件的适应水平不同。这些基因型还显示出对sp和sp的一定程度的抗性。与Hass品种的砧木-接穗数种不相容性感染。此外，覆盖降低了土壤剖面中土壤水分和温度的变化。适当选择基因型和种植新工具，降低了与ENSO现象相关的不利影响的敏感性，以及干旱和洪水条件下疾病引起的发病率和死亡率。这项工作提出了减轻热带条件下鳄梨作物气候变化不利影响的替代方法。

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