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Food Niche Overlap of Avian Predators (Falconiformes Strigiformes) in a Field and Forest Mosaic in Central Poland

机译:禽捕食者(FalconiformesStrigiformes)在领域和森林马赛克的食物利基重叠在波兰中部

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摘要

Predators may present various feeding strategies, i.e., being either food specialists or opportunists. At the same time, their diets change to reflect the prey availability and to avoid competition for food resources. We performed this research in a highly transformed field and forest mosaic and in an area with a high abundance of avian predators (owls and birds of prey, ~133 breeding pairs in total). We calculated the food niche overlap statistics to show the competition for food resources between coexisting species. We assessed the diet composition on the basis of pellet analyses and the identification of prey remains collected from under nests during the breeding season. The food niches overlapped moderately with only one exception, i.e., the highest niche overlap was recorded for the common buzzard and common kestrel, two species preying in open spaces on field rodents but switching to soricomorphs when the former were scarce. On the contrary, the most separate food niche was that of the white-tailed eagle, which was the only species regularly preying on fish. Our results showed that the food niches of species coexisting in the same area were considerably separate, which is due to the fact that they prey on various prey species or search for them in different habitats.
机译:捕食者可能呈现各种饲养策略,即食品专家或机会主义者。与此同时,他们的饮食改为反映了猎物的可用性,并避免竞争粮食资源。我们在高度变革的田野和森林马赛克和禽兽和捕食鸟类鸟类的鸟类鸟类和喂养禽类喂养的区域中进行了这项研究。我们计算了食品利基重叠统计数据,以展示共存物种之间的食物资源竞争。我们在颗粒分析的基础上评估了饮食组成,并且在繁殖季节期间从巢中夺取猎物仍然收集。对于普通的秃鹰和普通的kestrel,仅记录了一个例外,即只有一个例外,只有一个例外重叠了最高的利基重叠,这是野外啮齿动物的开放空间的两个物种,但是当前者稀缺时切换到女士古典。相反,最单独的食物利基是白尾鹰,这是唯一定期捕食鱼的物种。我们的研究结果表明,同一地区共存的物种的食物龛是相当分开的,这是由于它们捕食了各种猎物种类或在不同栖息地中搜索它们。

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