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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>BMJ Global Health >Patterns and trends in causes of child and adolescent mortality 2000–2016: setting the scene for child health redesign
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Patterns and trends in causes of child and adolescent mortality 2000–2016: setting the scene for child health redesign

机译：2000 - 2016年儿童和青少年死亡原因的模式和趋势：为儿童健康redesign设置现场

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The under-5 mortality rate has declined from 93 deaths per 1000 live births in 1990 to 39 per 1000 live births in 2018. This improvement in child survival warrants an examination of age-specific trends and causes of death over time and across regions and an extension of the survival focus to older children and adolescents. We examine patterns and trends in mortality for neonates, postneonatal infants, young children, older children, young adolescents and older adolescents from 2000 to 2016. Levels and trends in causes of death for children and adolescents under 20 years of age are based on United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation for all-cause mortality, the Maternal and Child Epidemiology Estimation group for cause of death among children under-5 and WHO Global Health Estimates for 5–19 year-olds. From 2000 to 2016, the proportion of deaths in young children aged 1–4 years declined in most regions while neonatal deaths became over 25% of all deaths under 20 years in all regions and over 50% of all under-5 deaths in all regions except for sub-Saharan Africa which remains the region with the highest under-5 mortality in the world. Although these estimates have great variability at the country level, the overall regional patterns show that mortality in children under the age of 5 is increasingly concentrated in the neonatal period and in some regions, in older adolescents. The leading causes of disease for children under-5 remain preterm birth and infectious diseases, pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria. For older children and adolescents, injuries become important causes of death as do interpersonal violence and self-harm. Causes of death vary by region.
机译：在2018年的1990年为每1000个活产率的93名死亡率下降了5％的死亡率。这种儿童生存的改善权令审查随着时间的推移和地区的年龄特定趋势和死亡原因。将生存焦点扩展到老年儿童和青少年。从2000年至2016年检查新生儿，晚期婴儿，幼儿，年幼儿童，年幼的青少年和旧青少年死亡率的模式和趋势。20岁以下儿童和青少年死亡的程度和趋势均基于联合国所有原因死亡率的儿童死亡率估算机构间组，妇幼儿儿童流行病学估算小组为5岁以下儿童死亡原因以及5-19岁的全球卫生估计。从2000年到2016年，大多数地区的年幼儿童死亡比例下降，而新生儿死亡人数在所有地区20年的死亡人数超过25％，占所有地区所有下5岁以下死亡人数的50％以上除撒哈拉以南非洲，仍然是世界上最高的死亡率最高的地区。虽然这些估计在国家一级具有很大的变化，但整个区域模式表明，5岁以下儿童的死亡率越来越集中在新生儿时期和旧青年时期的一些地区。 5岁以下儿童疾病的主要原因仍然是早产和传染病，肺炎，腹泻和疟疾。对于年龄较大的儿童和青少年来说，伤病成为人际暴力和自我危害的重要死因。死亡原因因地区而异。

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