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Gender Differences and Unfairness Processing during Economic and Moral Decision-Making: A fNIRS Study

机译：经济和道德决策期间的性别差异和不公平处理：FNIRS研究

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Decisional conflicts have been investigated with social decision-making tasks, which represent good models to elicit social and emotional dynamics, including fairness perception. To explore these issues, we created two modified versions of the UG framed within an economic vs. a moral context that included two kinds of unfair offers: advantageous (upside, U) or disadvantageous (downside, D) from the responder’s perspective, and vice-versa for the proponent. The hemodynamic activity of 36 participants, 20 females and 16 males, was continuously recorded with fNIRS to investigate the presence of general or specific circuits between the different experimental conditions. Results showed that disadvantageous offers (D) are associated with an increased widespread cortical activation. Furthermore, we found that advantageous moral choices at the expense of others (U) were related to the activation of the right prefrontal cortex. Finally, we found gender-related differences in brain activations in the different frameworks. In particular, the DLPFC was recruited by females during the economic task, and by males during the moral frame. In conclusion, the present study confirmed and expanded previous data about the role of the prefrontal cortices in decision-making, suggesting the need for further studies to understand better the different prefrontal networks serving moral and economic decisions also considering gender-related differences.
机译：通过社会决策任务调查了果断冲突，该任务代表了良好的模型，可以引出社会和情感动态，包括公平感知。要探索这些问题，我们在经济与响应者的角度来看 - 支持者的versa。 36名参与者，20名女性和16名男性的血流动力学活性被连续记录了FNIR，以研究不同的实验条件之间的一般或特定电路的存在。结果表明，不利的提议（D）与普遍的普遍性皮质激活增加有关。此外，我们发现，以牺牲他人（U）为代价的有利的道德选择与右前额叶皮质的激活有关。最后，我们发现不同框架中的大脑激活的性别相关差异。特别是，DLPFC在经济任务期间由女性招募，在道德框架期间由男性招聘。总之，本研究证实和扩展了先前关于前额叶胶火在决策中的作用的数据，这表明需要进一步研究，了解更好地了解道德和经济决策的不同前额外网络也考虑与性别有关的差异。

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