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Tracking Children’s Physical Activity Patterns across the School Year: A Mixed-Methods Longitudinal Case Study

机译：跟踪儿童的身体活动模式在学年中：混合方法纵向案例研究

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Despite the breadth of health benefits associated with regular physical activity (PA), many children in the UK are not sufficiently active enough to meet health guidelines, and tend to become less active as they mature into and throughout adolescence. Research has indicated that children’s school, home and neighbourhood environments can all significantly influence their opportunities to engage in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). However, less is known about how children’s MVPA patterns within these key environments may change across the school year. The current mixed-methods case study aims to explore this issue by tracking key stage 2 (KS2) and key stage 3 (KS3) children’s MVPA patterns across the school year. Fifty-eight children (29 boys, 29 girls, KS2 = 34, KS3 = 24) wore an integrated global positioning systems (GPS) and heart rate (HR) monitor over four consecutive days in the first term of school (autumn), before these measurements were repeated in the two remaining school terms (winter–summer). A subsample of children (n = 6–8 per group) were invited to take part in one of six focus groups each term to further explore their PA behaviours and identify the barriers and facilitators to PA. The children’s MVPA was significantly lower (p = 0.046) in term 2 (winter/spring term) than during the warmer terms (autumn and summer). All the locations showed reductions in MVPA in term 2, except indoor MVPA, which increased, and MVPA on foot in the neighbourhood, which remained consistent. Focus groups revealed location, friends, and the variety of options to be associated with MVPA, and poor weather, parental permission, and time limitations to be barriers to MVPA. This mixed-methodological, repeated-measures design study highlights differences in the activity patterns and perceptions of children over the school year. Future studies should implement longitudinal, multi-method approaches to gain deeper insight into how children’s PA behaviours differ over time. Consequently, this can inform future health policies promoting children’s PA throughout the year.
机译：尽管与定期体育活动相关的健康益处（PA），但英国的许多儿童都没有足够的活跃，以满足健康指导，并且随着它们成熟和整个青春期而往往变得不那么活跃。研究表明，儿童学校，家庭和邻里环境都能显着影响他们从事中等剧烈的身体活动（MVPA）的机会。然而，少了解这些关键环境中的儿童MVPA模式如何在学年中发生变化。目前的混合方法案例研究旨在通过跟踪钥匙阶段2（ks2）和钥匙阶段3（ks3）儿童的MVPA模式来探索这个问题。五十八名儿童（29名男孩，29名女孩，KS2 = 34，KS3 = 24）在学校（秋季）之前四天连续四天穿着一体的全球定位系统（GPS）和心率（HR）监测器这些测量在两个剩余的学校术语（冬季）中重复。邀请儿童（每组N = 6-8）的子样本参加六个焦点小组中的一个，以进一步探索其PA行为，并将障碍和促进者识别为PA。第2期（冬季/春季）的儿童MVPA显着降低（P = 0.046），而不是在加热术语（秋季和夏季）。除室内MVPA之外，所有位置的所有位置都显示出术语2中的MVPA，其在邻近的脚下增加和MVPA，其保持一致。焦点小组透露了与MVPA相关的地点，朋友和各种选择，以及贫困的天气，父母许可以及对MVPA障碍的时间限制。这种混合方法，重复措施的设计研究突出了学年中儿童活动模式和感知的差异。未来的研究应实施纵向，多种方法方法，以利深入了解儿童的PA行为如何随着时间的推移而异。因此，这可以全年推广未来的健康政策促进儿童保险明。

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