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An Integrated Approach for the Valorization of Sea Bass (

机译:一种综合方法用于鲈鱼储价化(

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摘要

In this study, the presence of As, Hg, Cd, Pb, and mycotoxins in sea bass side streams (muscle, head, viscera, skin, and tailfin) was evaluated as a preliminary step to assess the effect of an innovative extraction technique (Pressurized Liquid Extraction; PLE) to obtain antioxidant protein extracts. Then, a response surface methodology-central composite design was used to evaluate and optimize the PLE extraction factors (pH, temperature, and extraction time) in terms of total protein content and total antioxidant capacity (TEAC and ORAC). Heavy metals were found in all samples while DON mycotoxin only in viscera, both far below the safe limits established by authorities for fish muscle tissue and fish feed, respectively. The selected optimal PLE extraction conditions were pH 7, 20 °C, 5 min for muscle, pH 4, 60 °C, 15 min for heads, pH 7, 50 °C, 15 min for viscera, pH 7, 55 °C, 5 min for skin, and pH 7, 60 °C, 15 min for tailfins. Optimal PLE conditions allowed increasing protein content (1.2–4.5 fold) and antioxidant capacity (1–5 fold) of sea bass side stream extracts compared to controls (conventional extraction). The highest amount of protein was extracted from muscle while the highest protein recovery percentage was found in viscera. Muscle, head, and viscera extracts showed higher antioxidant capacity than skin and tailfin extracts. Moreover, different SDS-PAGE patterns were observed among samples and a greater quantity of protein fragments of lower molecular weight were found in optimal than control extracts.
机译:在该研究中,在海贝斯侧流(肌肉,头部,内脏,皮肤和尾流粉)中,Hg,Cd,Pb和霉菌毒素的存在被评估为评估创新提取技术的效果的初步步骤(加压液萃取; PLE)以获得抗氧化蛋白提取物。然后,在总蛋白质含量和总抗氧化能力(TeaC和Orac)方面,使用响应表面方法 - 中央复合设计来评估和优化PLE提取因子(pH,温度和提取时间)。在所有样品中发现了重金属,而仅在粘膜中的霉菌毒素,远远低于鱼肌组织和鱼类饲料的当局建立的安全限制。所选最佳PLE提取条件为pH 7,20°C,肌肉5分钟,pH 4,60℃,15分钟的头部,pH 7,50℃,15分钟用于内脏,pH 7,55°C, 3分钟的皮肤,pH 7,60°C,尾鳍15分钟。与对照(常规萃取)相比,最佳PLE条件允许增加蛋白质含量(1.2-4.5倍)和抗氧化能力(1-5倍)的海底侧流萃取物。从肌肉中提取最高量的蛋白质,而在粘膜中发现最高的蛋白质恢复百分比。肌肉,头部和内脏提取物显示出比皮肤和尾流量提取物更高的抗氧化能力。此外,在样品之间观察到不同的SDS-PAGE模式,并且在最佳的对照提取物中发现了更大量的较低分子量的蛋白质片段。

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