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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >New-Generation Washing Agents in Remediation of Metal-Polluted Soils and Methods for Washing Effluent Treatment: A Review
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New-Generation Washing Agents in Remediation of Metal-Polluted Soils and Methods for Washing Effluent Treatment: A Review

机译：新一代洗涤剂用于修复金属污染的土壤和洗涤废水处理方法：综述

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摘要

Soil quality is seriously reduced due to chemical pollution, including heavy metal (HM) pollution. To meet quality standards, polluted soils must be remediated. Soil washing/soil flushing offers efficient removal of heavy metals and decreases environmental risk in polluted areas. These goals can be obtained by using proper washing agents to remove HMs from soil. These washing agents should not pose unacceptable threats to humans and ecosystems, including soil composition. Currently, it is desirable to use more environmentally and economically attractive washing agents instead of synthetic, environmentally problematic chemicals (e.g., ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)). The usefulness of novel washing agents for treatment of heavy metal-contaminated soils is being intensively developed, in terms of the efficiency of HM removal and properties of washed soils. Despite the unquestionable effectiveness of soil washing/flushing, it should be remembered that both methods generate secondary fluid waste (spent washing solution), and the final stage of the process should be treatment of the contaminated spent washing solution. This paper reviews information on soil contamination with heavy metals. This review examines the principles and status of soil washing and soil flushing. The novel contribution of this review is a presentation of the sources and characteristics of novel washing agents and chemical substitutes for EDTA, with their potential for heavy metal removal. Methods for treating spent washing solution are discussed separately.
机译：由于化学污染，土壤质量严重降低，包括重金属（HM）污染。为满足质量标准，必须修复污染的土壤。土壤洗涤/土壤冲洗提供高效的重金属清除，并降低污染区域的环境风险。可以通过使用适当的洗涤剂来获得从土壤中移除HMS来获得这些目标。这些洗涤剂不应该对人类和生态系统构成不可接受的威胁，包括土壤组成。目前，期望使用更环保和经济上吸引人的洗涤剂而不是合成的环境问题化学品（例如，乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA））。基于HM去除和洗涤的土壤性质的效率，正在集中开发新型洗涤剂的用途。尽管土壤洗涤/冲洗的无可疑有效性，但应该记住两种方法都会产生二次流体废物（废洗涤溶液），并且该方法的最后阶段应该是治疗污染的废洗涤溶液。本文审查了关于土壤污染的信息，重金属。本综述研究了土壤洗涤和土壤冲洗的原则和地位。本综述的新贡献是对EDTA的新型洗涤剂和化学替代品的来源和特征的介绍，其潜力可用于重金属去除。分别讨论用于处理废洗涤溶液的方法。

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